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2019-2020年高考英語典型試題精粹 專題一 冠詞 高考精萃 1．(xx天津卷)Life is like ________ ocean：only the strongwilled can reach the other shore. 2．(xx重慶卷)I cant tell you ________ way to the Wilsons because we dont have ________ Wilson here in the village. 3．(xx浙江卷)The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ________ week, often long into ________ night. 4．(xx陜西卷)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town. 5．(xx江西卷)They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader. 6．(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ)India attained independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle. 7．(xx重慶卷)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee. 8．(xx山東卷)It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ________ night sky. 9．(xx浙江卷)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. 10．(xx福建卷)The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development. 11．(xx江西卷)Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than man. 12．(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ)Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar. 13．(xx陜西卷)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ______ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century. 14．(xx全國卷Ⅰ)Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with satisfaction. 15．(xx全國卷Ⅱ)He missed ________ gold in the high jump, but will get ________ second chance in the long jump. 16．(xx安徽卷)Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up ________ meat processing factory of his own one day. 17．(xx遼寧卷)I woke up with ________ bad headache, yet by ________ evening the pain had gone. 18．(xx江西卷)The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea. 19．(xx四川卷)We are said to be living in ________ Information Age, ________ time of new discoveries and great changes. 20．(xx重慶卷)Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take ________ place of George. 答案與解析 1．a(chǎn)n　句意：生活就像一片海洋，只有那些意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人才能到達(dá)彼岸。ocean 為可數(shù)名詞，在本句中表示泛指，故用不定冠詞，ocean 以元音音素開頭，故答案為an。 2．the; a　句意：我不能告訴你去威爾遜家的路，因?yàn)槲覀兇謇餂]有姓威爾遜的。第一個(gè)空表示特指，故用the; 第二個(gè)空表示泛指，表示“一個(gè)”，故用不定冠詞a。 3．a(chǎn); the　句意：論文下個(gè)月要上交了。我現(xiàn)在每周工作七天，經(jīng)常工作到深夜。第一空填a相當(dāng)于one；第二空是固定搭配long into the night。 4．The; a　句意：我出生的那個(gè)村莊已經(jīng)變成一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)了。由village 后的定語從句where I was born 可知這里特指“我”出生的村莊，故第一個(gè)設(shè)空處用定冠詞the。而第二個(gè)設(shè)空處泛指一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)，故用不定冠詞a。 5．the; a　句意：他們選擇湯姆為這個(gè)隊(duì)的隊(duì)長，因?yàn)樗麄冎浪且粋€(gè)聰明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。第一空后的名詞captain 是特指，特指這個(gè)隊(duì)的隊(duì)長，故與the連用；第二空后的名詞leader 表示泛指，故與a連用。 6．a(chǎn)　句意：印度經(jīng)過長期斗爭(zhēng)后，在1947年獲得了獨(dú)立。struggle 為可數(shù)名詞，在本句中表示泛指，故空格處填a。 7．the; an　句意：這對(duì)父母被他們的兒子需要做膝部手術(shù)的消息震驚了。第一空后news 后有同位語從句解釋說明news 的內(nèi)容，表特指，故使用定冠詞the；第二空表示在膝部做的一個(gè)手術(shù)，表泛指，故用不定冠詞an。 8．a(chǎn); the　句意：那是一個(gè)寒冷冬天的夜晚，月亮在夜空明亮地閃耀著。第一個(gè)空用不定冠詞表示泛指；第二個(gè)空表示特指：the night sky 夜空。 9．a(chǎn)；an　句意：人們?cè)谛〉臅r(shí)候就會(huì)形成一種對(duì)特定的學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的喜好，這些喜好影響(一個(gè)人的)學(xué)習(xí)。第一空需要填上a表示“一種喜好/偏愛”，而第二空是習(xí)慣用法，at an early age “在小時(shí)候”。 10．a(chǎn)；a　句意：“中國夢(mèng)”是一個(gè)改善民生的夢(mèng)，是一個(gè)和諧、和平、發(fā)展的夢(mèng)。dream 是可數(shù)名詞，此處用不定冠詞a表示“一個(gè)”的意思。 11．a(chǎn)　句意：動(dòng)物顯然是一種比人類低級(jí)的生命形式。本空是泛指用法：一種……形式。 12．a(chǎn); a　句意：我們討論了四個(gè)半小時(shí)直到午夜，休息時(shí)我們吃了些奶酪、巧克力，喝了些加糖的茶。第一空four and a half hours 是習(xí)慣表達(dá)，表示“四個(gè)半小時(shí)”；第二空a break 泛指“一段休息時(shí)間”。 13．the; the　句意：據(jù)說在十三世紀(jì)，馬可波羅去爪哇島途中曾航行經(jīng)過太平洋?！疤窖蟆笔菍Ｓ忻~，前面要用the; thirteenth 是序數(shù)詞，前面也要用the。 14．the　句意：Sarah 滿意地看著那幅已經(jīng)完成的繪畫。根據(jù)句意可知空格后的名詞painting 在此處表示特指，故用定冠詞the。 15．the; a　句意：他沒得到跳高的金牌，但是在跳遠(yuǎn)項(xiàng)目上還有一次機(jī)會(huì)。gold 當(dāng)金質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)牌講，在本句中表特指，故第一空用定冠詞。第二空考查冠詞的活用，“a/an＋序數(shù)詞”表示：又一，再一；“the＋序數(shù)詞”表示順序，而本題第二空并不表示順序，而表示“又一，再一”之意。 16．a(chǎn)　句意：卡爾正在大學(xué)里學(xué)食品科學(xué)，他希望將來有一天自己開一家肉食品加工廠。factory 在本句中表示泛指，故與不定冠詞連用，a factory of his own 意為：一家屬于他自己的工廠。 17．a(chǎn); the　句意：我醒來時(shí)頭很痛，但到了晚上疼痛就消失了。設(shè)空后的名詞均為可數(shù)名詞，第一空表示泛指，填a；第二空表示特指，填the。 18．the　句意：史密斯一家通常不喜歡住旅館，但是去年夏天他們?cè)诤＿呉患也诲e(cuò)的旅館住了幾天。by the sea 為習(xí)慣用語，意為“在海邊(＝on the coast)”。 19．the; a　句意：據(jù)說我們正生活在信息時(shí)代，一個(gè)充滿了新發(fā)現(xiàn)和巨大變革的時(shí)代。第一空表示“信息時(shí)代”，是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞，前面需用定冠詞the；第二空處為泛指，表示“一個(gè)……的時(shí)代”。 20．the　句意：Sam已被任命為工程部的經(jīng)理，以取代George。take the place of... 為固定動(dòng)詞短語，意為“取代”。 　　模擬精選 1．(xx山東濰坊一模)It is reported that ________ recently discovered painting may be ________ Van Gogh. 2．(xx南昌一模)If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________ must for you to make ________ most of your time. 3．(xx成都第一次診斷)—Well, that is one of ________ most expensive hotels in town, Im afraid. —Do you mean wed better choose ________ cheaper one? 4．(xx重慶聯(lián)合測(cè)試)All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say goodbye. 5．(xx濟(jì)南高考模擬)Once you click __________ button, ________ email will be sent to you via your email address. 6．(xx鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))In the ricegrowing world, ________ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is ________ leading figure. 7．(xx浙江考試院高三抽測(cè))It is ________ mon mistake for students to present something as a proven fact when it is actually ________ opinion. 8．(xx河北邯鄲調(diào)研)Hong Kong has a lot of advantages, including free flow of information, ________ fair petitive environment and ________ efficient government. 9．(xx杭州高考科目教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Some experts say ________ birthrate, after the onechild policy is relaxed, can see ______ modest increase in future. 10．(xx福建廈門質(zhì)檢)AntiJapanese War Victory Day is set to remind us of ________ need to remember history, cherish peace and create ________ better future. 11．(xx浙江名校聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考)Jack thought that he had ______ gift for telling directions, so he didnt take ________ pass with him on his weekend hike. 12．(xx四川綿陽二診)________ Mr. Li is now waiting for you on ________ first floor. 13．(xx天津南開二模)—Could you tell me the way to ________ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we dont have ________ Johnson here in the village. 14．(xx山東青島一模)The Spring Festival is ________ special holiday for most Chinese when ________ whole family will get together. 15．(xx浙江寧波二模)My grandparents like to live in the countryside where they can enjoy ________ leisurely walk on the country road and feel ________ warmth of the sun on their faces. 答案與解析 1．the; a　句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的畫可能是凡高的。第一空后面的recently discovered 說明此處是特指，應(yīng)用the; a/an＋作家或畫家的姓氏單數(shù)表示其作品，此處a Van Gogh 表示“一幅凡高的畫”，故第二空用a。 2．a(chǎn); the　第一空，此處表示“一件你必須要做的事”，因此must 前加a；第二空， make the most of 表示“充分利用”，為固定搭配。 3．the; a　第一空，“one of________ most expensive hotels”表示“最貴的旅館之一”，應(yīng)用the; 第二空，“________ cheaper one”表示“一個(gè)較便宜的旅館”，為泛指意義，應(yīng)用a。 4．a(chǎn)n; a　句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我們來不及說一聲再見。第一空，act后有定語修飾，表示“放手的行為”，此時(shí)act為可數(shù)名詞且發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，其前應(yīng)加不定冠詞an；第二空，take a moment to do sth. 表示“花點(diǎn)時(shí)間做某事”。 5．the; an　句意：一旦你點(diǎn)擊這個(gè)按鈕，一封電子郵件就會(huì)通過你的電子郵件地址發(fā)給你。第一空，可數(shù)名詞button 在此處特指某一個(gè)按鈕，因此用定冠詞the；第二空，a＋單數(shù)名詞表泛指，此處泛指一封電子郵件。 6．the; a　句意：在水稻種植領(lǐng)域，中國科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位領(lǐng)軍人物。第一空，單數(shù)名詞scientist 后面有特定人名做同位語，因此表示特指，應(yīng)用the；第二空，單數(shù)名詞figure 前加不定冠詞泛指“一位人物”。 7．a(chǎn); an　句意：對(duì)于學(xué)生來說常犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤就是把實(shí)際上是某種觀點(diǎn)的東西當(dāng)作已經(jīng)被證實(shí)的事實(shí)。第一空mistake 是可數(shù)名詞，表示“一個(gè)常犯的錯(cuò)誤”，故用不定冠詞；第二空表示“某種觀點(diǎn)”，也用不定冠詞。 8．a(chǎn); an　句意：香港有很多優(yōu)勢(shì)，包括信息的自由流通，公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境以及高效率的政府。第一空和第二空后的名詞性短語都是客觀的描述，應(yīng)該用不定冠詞表示泛指。 9．the; a　第一空，“________ birthrate”特指出生率，應(yīng)用the; 第二空，名詞increase 前加a 泛指一定數(shù)量的增長。 10．the; a　第一空，名詞need 后有定語修飾，表示特指，因此使用the; 第二空表示“一個(gè)更美好的未來”，表泛指意義，因此使用a。 11．a(chǎn); a　句意：杰克認(rèn)為他有辨別方向的天賦，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他沒有帶指南針。have a gift for 意為“有……天賦”；pass 是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，所以前面需加不定冠詞a。 12．A; the　句意：有位李先生正在一樓等你。姓李的先生很多，這里指其中一個(gè)，因此第一個(gè)空填A(yù)；序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞，故第二個(gè)空填the。 13．the; a　句意：——能告訴我去約翰遜家怎么走嗎？——對(duì)不起，我們這村里沒有叫約翰遜的人。第一個(gè)空填the, 姓氏的前面加the，特指一家人；第二空填a，泛指任何一個(gè)姓約翰遜的人。 14．a(chǎn); the　句意：春節(jié)對(duì)多數(shù)中國人來說是一個(gè)特殊的節(jié)日，這一天全家人會(huì)聚在一起。第一個(gè)空填a，泛指一個(gè)節(jié)日；第二個(gè)空填the，表示全家人。 15．a(chǎn)；the　句意：我祖父母喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)村，在那里他們可以在鄉(xiāng)村路上悠閑地散步，感受溫暖的陽光照耀在臉上。第一個(gè)空填a，泛指在鄉(xiāng)村路上散步；第二個(gè)空填the，特指陽光的溫暖。 　　創(chuàng)新預(yù)測(cè) 1．University is ________ most worthwhile time of discovery and learning, and it is also ________ very enjoyable and valuable experience for every one of us. 2．As ________ birthplace of Huaxia civilization, Xian is ________ city with a long history and abundant cultural relics. 3．As ________ rule, parttime workers such as babysitters or English tutors are paid by ________ hour. 4．I found that she was unhappy and didnt say ________ word all ________ way home. 5．—________Beijing of xx saw its first snowfall in the month of November. —Oh, it came as ________ surprise to us. 6．As ________ matter of fact, his room is in ________ mess. 7．We were walking home. All of ________ sudden, ________ heavy rain poured down. 8．—Which of the two poems do you like better? —________ shorter one, of course. I think its really ________ most interesting one. 9．The driver was at ________ loss when the word came that he was forbidden to drive for ________ speeding. 10．Qingdao is ________ most beautiful coastal city and I think Ill go there for ________ third time. 11．A stone hit him on ________ head. As ________ result, he lay in hospital for two weeks. 12．My sister has ________ gift for music and often makes ________ most of her spare time to play ________ piano. 13．The party was ________ success. We sang and danced until it came to ________ end at midnight. 14．To tell ________ truth, I think he was in ________ way when he offered to help me with the work. 15．In ________ 1960s, he made a voyage across __________ Pacific Ocean. 16．Its out of ________ question for me to get along well with such ________ selfish man. 17．No one can take ________ place of Mr Green in this film, who plays ________ leading role in it. 18．Dan Brown, ________ author of The Da Vinci Code is ________ most famous writer. 19．________ taller of the two boys is kindhearted and generous. 20．I invited ________ Greens to the party ________ other day. 答案與解析 1．a(chǎn)；a 　句意：大學(xué)是一段學(xué)習(xí)和探索的非常有價(jià)值的時(shí)光，而且對(duì)于我們每一個(gè)人來說也是一次很快樂很有價(jià)值的經(jīng)歷。第一空，因?yàn)闆]有明確的范圍，故不用最高級(jí)，a most 意為“很，非常”；experience 意為“經(jīng)歷”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，在這里是泛指，所以前面需要用不定冠詞。 2．the; a　句意：作為華夏文明的發(fā)源地，西安是一座擁有悠久歷史和豐富的文化底蘊(yùn)的城市。birthplace 后面有of 短語作其后置定語，且“發(fā)源地”具有唯一性，故birthplace 在本句中表泛指，用定冠詞the；第二空后的city 為可數(shù)名詞，但“擁有悠久歷史和豐富的文化底蘊(yùn)”的城市并非只有西安，故第二空應(yīng)該表泛指，需用不定冠詞。 3．a(chǎn); the　as a rule 通常；by the hour 是固定用法，表示“按小時(shí)”。 4．a(chǎn); the　句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)她不高興，回家的路上都沒有說一句話。word 表示“說的話”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，常和say，understand, hear 等詞連用，故第一空用不定冠詞a; all the way home 意為“回家的路上”，為固定搭配，故第二空用定冠詞the。 5．The; a　句意：“xx年北京的第一場(chǎng)雪是在11月下的?！薄班蓿瑢?duì)于我們來說，它是一件令人驚訝的事情?！钡谝豢沼珊竺娴膞x修飾，表示特指，用定冠詞the；第二空后的surprise 是抽象名詞具體化，表示“一件令人驚訝的事”，是泛指，用不定冠詞a。 6．a(chǎn); a　as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上；in a mess 雜亂。 7．a(chǎn); a　all of a sudden 突然；第二空表示“數(shù)量一”。 8．The; a　兩者中比較……的，用定冠詞the; 第二空為形容詞最高級(jí)前為不定冠詞，表示“很，十分”。 9．a(chǎn); the　at a loss　為固定搭配，意為“不知所措”，第二空為特指，用定冠詞the。 10．a(chǎn); a　第一空為形容詞最高級(jí)前用不定冠詞a，表示“很”；第二空，序數(shù)詞用不定冠詞，表示“再一，又一”。句意：青島是一座很美的城市，我想我要再次去那兒。 11．the; a　hit sb. on the head 擊中某人的頭部；as a result 結(jié)果。 12．a(chǎn); the; the　have a gift for 有……的天賦；make the most of 充分利用；play the piano 彈鋼琴。 13．a(chǎn); an　a success 一件成功的事；e to an end 結(jié)束。 14．the; the　to tell the truth 說實(shí)話；in the way 礙手礙腳。 15．the; the　年代前用定冠詞the; 江、河、湖、海前用定冠詞the。 16．the; a　out of the question 不可能的；such a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞。 17．the; a　take the place of 代替；play a leading role 扮演主角。 18．the; a　第一空為特指，用 the；第二空為形容詞最高級(jí)前用不定冠詞，表示“很”。 19．The　兩者中比較……的，用定冠詞 the。 20．the; the　姓的復(fù)數(shù)前用定冠詞； the other day 前幾天。