2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) Unit 4What would you do教案 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc
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2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) Unit 4What would you do教案 人教新目標(biāo)版 (一)(學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo))Language Goals 1. Talk about imaginary situations. (談?wù)撘恍┘僭O(shè)的、虛擬的情況。) 2. Hypothetical Conditionals. (初步學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣) 3. Give some advice with the target language. (使用虛擬句提出建議) (二)語言結(jié)構(gòu)(Language Structures) 1. 虛擬語氣(掌握與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句) (三)目標(biāo)語言(Target Language) 1. If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你,我就會(huì)穿襯衫打領(lǐng)帶。 2. If I were you , I’d take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我就帶把傘。 3. What would you do if you won a million dollars ? 如果你賺了一百萬美元,你會(huì)做什么? 4. What if I don’t know anyone ? 如果我一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí)怎么辦? 5. You should eat lots of fruits and vegetable and drink lots of water. 你應(yīng)該吃大量水果、蔬菜,大量喝水。 6. What are you like ? I think I’m outgoing. 你的性格如何?我想我很外向。 (四)Key phrases (重點(diǎn)詞組) 1. won the lottery 贏得抽獎(jiǎng) 2. in public 公共的、公眾的 3. in the slightest 一點(diǎn)也;根本 4. plenty of 很多的、足夠的 5. get along with 與…相處 6. let …down 使…失望、沮喪 7. e up with 提出、想出(問題) 8. medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究 9. what if 如果…怎么辦 10. be late for 遲到… 11. be nervous 緊張的 12. get nervous (變得)緊張的 13. take a long walk 散步 14. ask one’s permission 征求某人的許可 15. without permission 沒得到許可 16. introduce oneself 自我介紹 17. rather than 而不是 18. a circle of good friends 朋友圈子 (五)語法重點(diǎn)(Grammar Focus) 虛擬語氣 1. 語氣就是我們常說的說話人說話的口氣。 在漢語中,語氣是由說話人說話的語調(diào)、情節(jié)等等表現(xiàn)出來的,動(dòng)詞沒有任何變化。而在英語中,除了 語調(diào)之外,最主要的是動(dòng)詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同的語氣。 在英語中語氣分為三類:陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣。 2. 虛擬語氣:如果我們所說的不是事實(shí),也不是要求、命令、勸告等,而只是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或 是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想就用虛擬語氣。 3. 虛擬語氣常用在條件句中,及其他一些從句中。 注意:條件句分兩種,真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。只有在虛擬(非真實(shí))條件句中,才用虛擬語氣,而 在真實(shí)條件句中,要用陳述語氣。 請(qǐng)比較: (1)If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo. 如果明天天氣好,我們將會(huì)去公園。在這句話中,明天天氣好是完全有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,并非虛擬、幻想, 因此是真實(shí)條件句。在本句中,適用“主將從現(xiàn)?!? (2)If I were you , I would go at once. (如果我是你的話,我立刻就走。)在這句話中,條件句,“如果我是你”,但事實(shí)上,我不可能成為 你,這只是假設(shè)的情況,沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。當(dāng)條件實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性很小,甚至可以說沒有時(shí),就需要用虛擬語 氣來表示,動(dòng)詞發(fā)生了變化。 4. 在虛擬語氣中,句子動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)比真實(shí)條件句中的時(shí)態(tài)后退一步 即: 現(xiàn)在時(shí)→過去時(shí)(該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí),用過去時(shí)) 過去時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)(該用過去時(shí)時(shí),用過去完成時(shí)) 將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí)(該用將來時(shí)時(shí),用過去將來時(shí)) 過去將來時(shí)→過去將來完成時(shí)(該用過去將來時(shí)時(shí),用過去將來完成時(shí)) 在這一單元中,我們只要求初步接觸虛擬語氣的用法及結(jié)構(gòu),學(xué)習(xí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況下如何體 現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。 5. “表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況”的虛擬語氣 請(qǐng)看例句: If I were you , I would take a small present. 如果我是你的話,我就帶上一個(gè)小禮物。 (注:在這個(gè)句子中,即“If I were you 中,一定用were ,而不能用was”) (這句話中,是與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反,“現(xiàn)在如果我是你的話?!笔聦?shí)上,我不可能成為你,也就根本沒 有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能) 請(qǐng)大家注意主句與條件從句中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化。 形式: 從句(用過去時(shí)) 主句(用過去將來時(shí)) If +主語+ 主語+ 注:虛擬語氣中的were 除了在If I were you 的結(jié)構(gòu)中不能改動(dòng)外,其它情況下有時(shí)可用was。 又如: If I won a million dollars , I’d give it to charities. 如果我贏了一百萬英鎊,我要捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。 (在此句中,If條件句中,動(dòng)詞用過去式won,主句則用should / would 加動(dòng)詞原形。現(xiàn)實(shí)情況是我沒 贏一百萬英鎊;虛擬的情況是假如我贏了一百萬,這種虛擬是不可能變成現(xiàn)實(shí)的,因此用虛擬語氣。) 6. 虛擬語氣的疑問式,除了動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的變化外,其他變化與陳述語氣相同 如: (1)What would you do if you were in the lion’s cage ? 如果你在獅子籠里,你會(huì)怎么做? (疑問詞在句首,主句中助動(dòng)詞提前,從句跟在主句后面。) If I were in the lion’s cage , I’d call for help. 如果我在獅子籠里,我會(huì)大呼救命。 If I were in the lion’s cage . I’d get out fast. 如果我在獅子籠里,我會(huì)迅速出來。 (2)What would you do if you won the lottery ? 如果你贏了抽獎(jiǎng),你會(huì)做什么? I’d give it to medical research. 我會(huì)用于醫(yī)學(xué)研究。 Or I’d put it in the bank. 我會(huì)存到銀行。 Or If I were a millionaire , I would buy a big house in the country. 如果我是百萬富翁,我就在鄉(xiāng)村買座大房子。 關(guān)于虛擬語氣,我們要學(xué)習(xí)的東西還有許多,同學(xué)們會(huì)在今后的學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中,慢慢接觸到。 (六)Key points (疑難解析) 1. bring的意思是把某人或某物“帶來”,“拿來”,強(qiáng)調(diào)方向,即從別處拿到說話人這兒來。 e.g. Next time you e , bring me that book , please. 下次你來的時(shí)候,把我的書帶來。 take的意思是把人或物“帶走,拿走”,即從說話人這兒帶到別處去。 e.g. Who has taken away today’s newspaper ? 誰拿走了今天的報(bào)紙? 另外,相似的詞還有g(shù)et 和fetch ,表示到某地找到某人或某物并帶回來,強(qiáng)調(diào)一去一回。 e.g. Go and get some water. 去弄點(diǎn)水來。 Can you fetch me some paper ? 你能給我取點(diǎn)紙嗎? 2. He might not know anyone at the party. 他可能在晚會(huì)上誰也不認(rèn)識(shí)。 might 的用法如下: (1)是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may的過去式 eg. He said that I might borrow his bike. 他說我可以借他的自行車。 (2)是may的虛擬語氣形式,不表示過去,而表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼翱梢?,可能”,但語氣更委婉、客氣, 有時(shí)表示對(duì)可能性有所懷疑。 e.g. a. Might I borrow your bike ? 我可能借你的自行車嗎? (語氣比may更委婉) b. He might e today . 今天他可能會(huì)來。 (對(duì)“他來”的可能性有所懷疑) 3. What if “如果…怎么辦”、“即使…又有什么關(guān)系?” 這是一個(gè)固定搭配,引導(dǎo)帶條件從句的疑問句。 eg. What if they don’t e ? 他們不來怎么辦呢? What if I don’t know anyone ? 如果我一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí),怎么辦呢? 4. I get nervous before big parties. 在大的晚會(huì)之前,我會(huì)感到緊張。 get nervous 變得緊張,get是系動(dòng)詞,nervous 是形容詞做表語。 又如:be nervous 或feel nervous 均可表達(dá)同樣的含義。 5. in public 公共的、公開的 eg. Lily is very shy , and she is afraid to speak in public. 莉莉很害羞,她害怕在公眾場(chǎng)合講話。 6. ask one’s permission 征求某人的同意。 without permission 沒有得到許可。 7. introduce vt. 介紹 introduce sb to sb. 把(某人)介紹給(某人) eg. It’s my honor to introduce my teacher to everyone. 很榮幸,我把我的老師介紹給大家。 introduce oneself 自我介紹 8. Sometimes you might annoy people because you’re so confident. 有時(shí)候,你可能會(huì)激怒別人,因?yàn)槟闾孕帕恕? 9. You would also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to a party. 你可能寧愿呆在家里讀書,也不愿去參加晚會(huì)。 rather …than …寧愿…也不…(注:than與形容詞比較級(jí)無關(guān)) rather , than 既可分開用,也可合在一起用,譯成“而不是” 如: (1)rather die than surrender 寧死不屈 (2)I , rather than you , should do the work . 該做這個(gè)工作的是我,而不是你。 10. in the slightest 根本,一點(diǎn)也 eg. Social situations don’t bother you in the slightest. 社會(huì)環(huán)境根本影響(干擾)不了你。 11. plenty of 充足的、大量的 12. enjoy the pany of other people. 享受他人的陪伴 13. a circle of good friends. 朋友圈子 14. let sb down 使(某人)失望、沮喪 15. e up with 提出問題 【模擬試題】 一. 寫出下列詞組 1. 一點(diǎn)也、根本不_________ 2. 與…相處_________ 3. 使…失望、沮喪_________ 4. 如果…怎么辦_________ 5. 贏得抽獎(jiǎng)_________ 6. 變得緊張_________ 7. 征求某人的許可_________ 8. 寧可…也不…_________ 9. 遲到_________ 10. 公共的、公眾的_________ 二. 補(bǔ)充完整下面虛擬語氣的句子,(注意區(qū)分主句與從句的位置變化) 1. I’d be a millionaire if __________________________ 2. If I had more free time. __________________________ 3. If I were you . __________________________ 4. She would buy that if __________________________ 5. If my house were on fire. __________________________ 6. I’d travel around the world if __________________________ 7. If I could change one thing about my life. __________________________ 8. I wouldn’t do that if __________________________ 9. If I could make three wishes. __________________________ 10. I would be a better student if __________________________ 三. 根據(jù)不同情境,首先判斷這個(gè)情景是真實(shí)可能發(fā)生的,還是虛擬的,然后填空。 Situation A EXAMPLE : Gao is a doctor , but if he were (be)a truck driver, he would have (have) very different skills. (Gao不可能是個(gè)卡車司機(jī),因此這個(gè)情境是虛擬的) 2. Gao’s wife is a doctor , too , but she is planning to change her career . If she _________ (change)her career , she ___________ (study)to bee a lawyer. Situation B 3. Antonieta is Brazilian , but she has lived in the United States and New Zealand , so she speaks excellent English . If she __________ (stay)in Brazil , her English _________ (not) (be)so good. 4. However , Antonieta _______ (speak)French too if she _________ (move)to France next year. Situation C 5. Mary’s car is old . If it ________(break down), she ________ (buy)a new one. 6. Because Mary has a car , she has driven to school every day this term . But if she _______ (not)(have)a car , she ________ (take)the bus. Situation D 7. Marcia has applied to graduate school . She _______ (start)school next fall if she _____(get)accepted. 8. When Marcia was twenty-one , she quit school for several years to get married and raise a family . If she ________ (continue)her studies instead of raising a family , she _____ (begin)graduate school a long time ago. 四. 假設(shè)你現(xiàn)在在一個(gè)孤島上,除了圖中所示的物品,你一無所有,你該怎么辦?完成下題。 Imagine you are on a desert island . You have nothing with you except these objects . What would you do with them ? If we were on a desert island , we would use this to _______ . We would _______ with this If we had this with us on the island , , we would use it to ___________ . With this , , we _____________ . And finally , we _________ with this 五. 看圖 What would you do if you were in prison ? At least 5 sentences . 假設(shè)你在監(jiān)獄里,你做些什么? 【試題答案】 一. 1. in the slightest 2. get along with 3. let sb down 4. what if 5. won the lottery 6. get nervous 7. ask one’s permission 8. rather …than … 9. be late for 10. in public 二. Answers will vary . 答案可多種多樣,但必須符合虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu) eg. I’d be a millionaire if I won the lottery. 三. 2. changes ; will study (真實(shí)的) 3. had stayed ; would not be (虛擬) 4. will speak / moves (or would speak / moved)(真實(shí)或虛擬均可) 5. breaks down ; will buy (真實(shí)的) 6. did not have ; would take (虛擬的) 7. will start ; gets accepted (真實(shí)的) 8. had continued ; would have begun (虛擬) 四. 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- 2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) Unit 4What would you do教案 人教新目標(biāo)版 2019 2020 年級(jí) 英語 上冊(cè) What do 教案 新目標(biāo)
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