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2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) 第一單元學(xué)案 人教新目標(biāo)版 Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 【學(xué)習(xí)導(dǎo)言】談?wù)撟鍪虑榈念l率。 課前學(xué)習(xí)：溫故而知新（單詞、詞組、句型及語法的回顧） 【基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)】 1. 重要單詞回憶 1) 鍛煉；運(yùn)動(dòng)____________________ 2) 幾乎不；幾乎沒有____________________ 3) 一次____________________ 4) 兩次____________________ 5) 次；次數(shù)____________________ 6) 網(wǎng)絡(luò)；互聯(lián)網(wǎng)____________________ 7) （戲劇、廣播、電視等的）節(jié)目；表演____________________ 8) 大多數(shù)的；大部分的；幾乎全部的____________________ 9) 沒有的；全無的____________________ 10) 結(jié)果；成果____________________ 11) 活躍的；積極的____________________ 12) 對(duì)于；關(guān)于；在 ……方面；就……而言____________________ 13) 牛奶____________________ 14) 咖啡____________________ 15) 巧克力____________________ 16) 喝；飲____________________ 17) 健康；健康狀況____________________ 18) 習(xí)慣____________________ 19) 試圖；設(shè)法；努力____________________ 20) 分?jǐn)?shù)；成績____________________ 21) （good和well的比較級(jí)）____________________ 22) 同樣的；相同的____________________ 23) 像……（一樣）____________________ 24) 不同的；有區(qū)別的____________________ 25) 不同；差異；區(qū)別____________________ 26) 或許；大概_(tái)___________________ 27) 雖然；即使；縱然 （=though）____________________ 28) (表示時(shí)間、距離、數(shù)量)達(dá)、計(jì)____________________ 29) 使保持某種狀態(tài)____________________ 30) 必須____________________ 2. 重點(diǎn)詞組回顧 1）多久一次___________________ 2）幾乎不___________________ 3）網(wǎng)上沖浪___________________ 4）高中___________________ 5）至于、關(guān)于___________________ 6）垃圾食品___________________ 7）多少___________________ 8）嘗試做某事___________________ 9）當(dāng)然___________________ 10）照顧___________________ 11）與…一樣___________________ 12）與…不同___________________ 13）許多___________________ 14）保持健康___________________ 15）大多數(shù)的___________________ 16）一周一次___________________ 17）三個(gè)月兩次___________________ 18）去滑滑板___________________ 19）在周末___________________ 20）做運(yùn)動(dòng)___________________ 21）動(dòng)物世界___________________ 22）活動(dòng)調(diào)查結(jié)果___________________ 23）對(duì)…有好處___________________ 24）愛做某事___________________ 25）幫助某人做…___________________ 26）健康生活方式___________________ 27）飲食習(xí)慣___________________ 28）少吃肉___________________ 29）多做運(yùn)動(dòng)___________________ 3. 重要句型 1. 你通常周末做什么？我通常踢足球。______________________________________ 2. Cheng多久看一次電視？他每周看兩次電視。___________________ 【語法點(diǎn)撥】 1. 表頻率的詞匯和短語： always usually often never hardly ever sometimes seldom once a day twice a month three times a week every two weeks once in a while 2. 做事情的頻率（how often you do things）: －What do you usually do in the morning? －I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden. I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food. 3. 如何提問頻率“多久一次” －How often does he play tennis? －He plays tennis every day. －How often do you drink milk? －I drink milk once a day. －How often do they go to the movies? －Sometimes. 課內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)：加強(qiáng)鞏固 （重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的回顧，中考精選題練） 1. 疑問詞how的用法 (1) 怎樣，用什么手段，方法/交通工具 Howdidhedoit? / Idon’tknowhowtoswim. How do you e to school? (2) 情況如何（指身體健康狀況） Howareyou? (3) howmany，howmuch表示“多少” howmany后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，howmuch接不可數(shù)名詞。 Howmanytimes doyougotothepark? Howmucharethosepants? (4) howoften是對(duì)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的“次數(shù)”提問,詢問的是 頻率“多久一次” 回答可以是：Every day. / Once a week. / Three times a week. / Often. / ... HowoftendoyousurftheInternet. (5) How old...? 詢問年齡 How old are you? I am five. (6) How about…? ……如何？ ……怎么樣？ How about going to the movies? 2. time表示不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時(shí)間”。 表示可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)，倍數(shù)” Whattimeisit? Igotothemoviesthreetimesaweek. 注意“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法 一次once，兩次twice，三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞加上times： threetimes、fivetimes、onehundredtimes. 表示“……幾次”的表達(dá)方法是： once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year 3. exercise v/n shop v/ n He often exercises on weekends. We often do / take exercise on weekends. We often shop on weekends. There are many shops in the neighborhood. 4.asfor意為“就……而論”，“至于” Asforfruit，Ieatitsometimes. As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。 5. My mother wants me to drink it. 我媽媽想要我喝。 want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事 Do you want to go to the movies with me？ 你想和我一起去看電影嗎？ I want you to help me with my math. 我想要你幫我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。 有很多動(dòng)詞后面用這種結(jié)構(gòu)做動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合賓語：asksb.todosth. 叫某人做某事tellsb.todosth. 告訴某人去做某事 helpsb.(to)dosth. 幫助某人做某事 6. She says it’s good for my health . 她說它對(duì)我的健康有意。 　 be good for...表示“對(duì)……有益（有好處）” 其反義為：be bad for... 對(duì)……有害/無益 　Its good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對(duì)我們有好處。 Drinkingmilkisgoodforyourhealth. 喝牛奶對(duì)你的健康有益。 ReadingEnglishisgoodforstudyingEnglish. 對(duì)英語對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)英語有益/有幫助。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 在床上讀書對(duì)你的眼睛有害。 7. usually when I e home from school 通常是在我從學(xué)校回家時(shí) When + 從句 當(dāng)……時(shí)候 I often stay at home when it is rainy. 8. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 盡量/盡力做某事 I’ll try to learn English well. 我會(huì)盡量嘗試學(xué)好英語的。 You must try to take more exercise. 你必須盡量多做運(yùn)動(dòng)。 9. I look after my health. look after 照顧 My brother is ill. I have to look after him today. 我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顧他。 All the students must look after the desks and chairs. 所有的學(xué)生必須照看好課桌椅。 He often helps his mother look after his little sister. 他經(jīng)常幫助他的媽媽照顧他的小弟弟。 10. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. 我健康的生活方式幫助我取得好的成績。 help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事She often helps me learn math. 她經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。 11. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 好的食物和運(yùn)動(dòng)幫助我學(xué)習(xí)得更好。 help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事 12. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? ＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? 她的生活方式和你的一樣或是不同？ be the same as … / be different from … 與……一樣/與……不同 She looks the same as her sister. 她看起來跟她的妹妹很像。 This book is different from that one. 這本書跟那本書不一樣。 13. I think I’m kind of unhealthy. 我想我有點(diǎn)不健康。 kind of = a little a kind of 一種 14. maybe (adv.) = perhaps 也許，可能 Maybe he knows the answer. Maybe they’ll go skateboarding. He may know the answer. 15. although = though 雖然 Although he’s ill, he goes to school on time. 雖然他生病了，但他還是準(zhǔn)時(shí)上學(xué)。 She eats a lot of chocolate, although she is very fat. 雖然她很胖，但她卻吃許多的巧克力。 16. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health. A lot of = lots of = many / much 許多 keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy keep + 形容詞 表保持某種狀態(tài)Keep quiet! The baby is sleeping. 那嬰兒正在睡覺，保持安靜！ We must keep our classroom clean. 我們必須保持我們的教室干凈。 17. 注意sometimes與幾個(gè)形似的詞的區(qū)別。 (1)sometime是副詞，意為“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”，“某時(shí)” Willyoueagainsometimenextweek? 下周的某個(gè)時(shí)候你會(huì)再來嗎？ Shewastheresometimelastyear. 她去年某時(shí)去過那。 (2)sometime是名詞詞組，意為“一段時(shí)間”，做時(shí)間狀語用 Iwillstayhereforsometime. 我將在這呆一段時(shí)間。 Heworkedfor that pany for some time. 他為那家電腦公司工作了一陣子。 (3) sometimes是名詞詞組，意為“幾次，幾倍” Imethimsometimesinthestreetlastmonth. 上個(gè)月我在街上遇到他好幾次了。 Thefactoryissometimeslargerthanthatone. 這間工廠比那間大好幾倍。 （4）sometimes 是頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)” He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends. 他有時(shí)周末去滑滑板。 18. That sounds interesting. 那聽起來有趣。 sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得） ,　get（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。 　 It tastes good. 這味道好。 The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。 【聚焦中考】 1）(上海市課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)) The doctors tried their best to save the patient’s life, ______ failed. A or B so C but D because 2) (遼寧沈陽市課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)) --Could you tell me ______ you’ll be away? – Only one week. A how much B how soon C how often D how long 3) (安徽省課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)) --Lucy, could you help me ______ the map on the blackboard? We won’t need it. --With pleasure. A put down B put up C put on D put away 4) (安徽蕪湖市課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)) ---____________do you write to your pen friend? – Once a month. A How long B How often C How soon 5) (山東濟(jì)南市課改實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)) My aunt played the light music to make the baby _______ crying. A stopped B stops C to stop D stop 課后學(xué)習(xí) 一． 英漢互譯。 根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列各句，每空一詞。 1. 做眼保健操對(duì)你的眼睛有好處。 Doing eye exercises__________ __________ __________your eyes. 2. 我們盡量準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里。 We __________ __________ get there on time. 3. --你們通常進(jìn)行什么運(yùn)動(dòng)？ --我們打籃球。 -__________ __________do you usually play? -We play basketball. 4. 散步有助于保持身體健康。 Walking helps to keep __________ __________ __________. 5. 我們每天通常從早飯開始。 We usually__________ the day __________breakfast. 二. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 按要求改寫下列各句， 每空一詞。 1. My sister is ill. I must take care of her at home.（改為同義句） My sister is ill. I must__________ __________ her at home. 2. Lin Tao often helps me with my Chinese. （對(duì)劃線部分提問） __________ __________does Lin Tao help you with your Chinese? 3. Tom goes to bed at ten in the evening. （改為否定句） Tom __________ ________ to bed at ten in the evening. 4. They always see a film on Saturdays. （改為同義句） They always _______ _______ ________ _________ on Saturdays. 5. I sleep nine hours every night. （對(duì)劃線部分提問） __________ __________ __________do you sleep every night?