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Unit 19 Language 課時練1　閱讀理解提速練 閱讀理解 A (2018四川綿陽診斷)While money can’t technically buy happiness，it can buy you a moodlifting, outlookimproving vacation.Haven’t made plans yet to skip town this winter? These moneysaving travel tips can help you book the destination of your choice and enjoy your time there—without breaking the bank. FLY THE COOP FAST If you’re planning to set off for an adventure right away, try the GTFO (Get The Flight Out) app.It lists the cheapest roundtrip flights departing from your local airport that day or by the next morning. At press time，airfare was down 12 percent from last August and roundtrip tickets for domestic flights averaged $ 218. SNAG A DISCOUNTER HOTEL ROOM If Airbnb isn’t your style, reserve markeddown acmodations on Tingo., which lists almost all the rooms in more than 155，000 locations worldwide.After you book a Price Drop room，the site monitors rates until，typically，24 to 48 hours before checkin.If the price drops，Tingo refunds you the difference. LIVE IT UP LOCALLY If you’re planning a staycation(宅度假) this winter，try an affordable escape close to home.The free app HotelTonight offers lodging(旅館) deals in more than 100 U．S.and Canadian cities and regions, and has a locationbased feature that gives extra savings on already discounted prices on spots closest to you.Sameday prices fall even lower after 6 p．m. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文給出了三種旅游的小建議，既可以讓你玩得開心，又可以讓你省錢。 1．The GTFO app is most useful to those who________． A．take a regular business trip B．seek a lastminute travel C．can’t afford a fortable travel D．plan a shortdistance flight B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FLY THE COOP FAST部分第一句可知，the GTFO app可以提供給你說走就走的旅行，也就是最后一分鐘作出決定的旅行。故選B項。 2．The underlined word“markeddown”in Paragraph 3 means “________”． A．highlighted　B．written　C．discounted　D．scored C　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下一句中的a Price Drop room可知，在Tingo.上可以預(yù)訂打折的住宿。由此可猜測，markeddown的意思是“打折的；減價的”，與discounted意思相近。故選C項。 3．What can we infer about the app HotelTonight? A．Only the U．S.natives can use it. B．Its deals include the whole America. C．Prices stay the same within a day. D．Its services vary from place to place. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，該應(yīng)用會提供具有當(dāng)?shù)靥厣姆?wù)。故選D項。 B (2018南昌模擬)Since 1985, Johnny Jennings, 86, has been selling newspapers and maga- zines to a recycling center with his son. By the time Jennings’ only child was 17, he stopped joining his father. Even though his son is all grown up now, Jennings hasn’t slowed down his efforts. In fact, he has turned his recycling money into something bigger. The Ringgold, Georgia native visits local churches and businesses to collect paper, which he brings to a recycling center for money. But instead of putting those earnings in his own bank account, he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Children’s Homes & Family Ministries. Once a year, he’ll give the organization a check somewhere between $ 10，000 and $ 35，000. By 2016, that tallied up to $ 400，000. These days, Jennings’ recycling has turned into a munity effort. After he has made his own rounds recycling paper from businesses and churches, he’ll find more items waiting for him at home. munity members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them, along with books, food, clothes, and other items to give away. Recycling centers typically pay just one－h(huán)alf to three cents per pound of paper, but Jennings’ visits have added up the big time. In 2016 alone, he sold more than 400，000 pounds of paper and 51，000 aluminum cans(鋁罐)，and collected more than 32，000 pennies. Over the course of 32 years he has recycled more than 9.8 million pounds of paper, saving an estimated 79，000 trees in the process. Jennings says he’ll continue raising money for charity as long as his health allows. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　文章講述了樂于助人的Johnny Jennings常年回收廢舊物品資助慈善機構(gòu)的故事。 4．How old was Johnny Jennings when he started recycling? A．17.　　　B．32.　　　C．54.　　　D．86. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Since 1985...with his son.”和第四段中的“Over the course of 32 years he has recycled”可知，Johnny Jennings開始回收廢舊物品時應(yīng)該是54歲。 5．The underlined word “tallied” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”． A．a(chǎn)dded B．looked C．made D．mixed A　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Once a year...between $ 10，000 and $ 35，000...up to $ 400，000.”中的數(shù)據(jù)可知，tallied的詞義為：計算總數(shù)。所以A項正確。 6．What is munity members’ attitude towards Johnny Jennings? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Supportive. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“munity members drop off...to give away.”可知，Johnny Jennings所在社區(qū)的成員們支持他回收廢舊物品資助慈善機構(gòu)的工作。 7．What makes Johnny Jennings special? A．His long life and hobby. B．His recycling work and donation. C．The pennies he collects. D．The amount of trees he plants. B　解析：推理判斷題。文章講述Johnny Jennings常年回收廢舊物品資助慈善機構(gòu)的故事。所以是回收廢舊物品資助慈善機構(gòu)的故事讓Johnny Jennings與眾不同。 C (2018陜西省部分學(xué)校檢測)A principal in Manhattan informed parents that there would be no more homework for the public school’s students. And then came the arguments—not from teachers, but from parents. Some said they would transfer their children to another school. Some said they were finding online sources of homework for their children. They were not convinced of the explanation from Principal Jane Hsu about the negative effects of homework on young children, including lack of time for other activities and family time, and loss of interest in learning. Hsu suggested children should spend their time on activities that had been found to be good for their academic, social and emotional development. As a supporter of Hsu’s approach, I wonder how many of the parental arguments occur not because of what children will miss out on, but because parents themselves no longer feel confident about their ability to help their children develop without highly structured activities to guide them. I’m reminded of a meeting at the school my younger daughter was about to start when she was 6. The head of the school met with parents to say that she was also considering doing away with homework. One mom objected because homework was her “special time” each day with her child when they could sit down together to go through the work. The head of the school appeared surprised at this. She gently suggested that the mother should read to her child, or that they should cook dinner together. It’s been sad already to see that kids, between their structured soccer practices and their homework, have very little time to play. But it’s even sadder to see the parental nervousness about what might happen to a thirdgrader who has more time to create, think, read，interact with others, or imagine. What might happen, I believe, must be more happiness, more energy and better physical fitness. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　曼哈頓的一位校長通知家長她的學(xué)校將不再給學(xué)生布置家庭作業(yè)，此舉在家長中引發(fā)了激烈的討論。作者本人對這位校長的方法表示支持，并持樂觀的態(tài)度。 8．From the passage, we know________． A．teachers are strongly opposed to giving no homework to their students B．the idea of no homework has led to a heated debate C．children greatly benefit from the idea of no homework D．other activities have taken the place of the homework B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“And then came the arguments—not from teachers, but from parents.”可知，不再布置家庭作業(yè)的做法在家長中引起了激烈的討論，故選B項。 9．Why did one mom object to the idea of no homework for kids? A．Her child might lose interest in learning. B．Her child might have less time to think. C．She enjoyed the time doing homework with her child. D．Homework is good for children’s academic development. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“One mom objected...go through the work.”可知，與孩子一塊兒做作業(yè)對這位母親來說是件讓她高興的事，所以她反對取消家庭作業(yè)這一想法，故選C。 10．What is the author’s attitude towards Principal Jane Hsu’s suggestion? A．Indifferent.　　　　　　 B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Critical. B　解析：觀點態(tài)度題。由第二段中的“As a supporter of Hsu’s approach”和最后一段中的“What might happen...better physical fitness.”可以看出，作者持樂觀的態(tài)度，故選B。 11．The passage is mainly about________． A．whether the parents should transfer their children to public school B．the benefits of doing homework C．the necessity of changing the education system D．whether the students should do homework after school D　解析：主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知，一位校長通知家長她的學(xué)校將取消家庭作業(yè)，家長之間就此展開了激烈的討論，討論的焦點是“應(yīng)不應(yīng)該取消學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)”，D項與此相符合，故選D。 D (2018河北省高三三市聯(lián)考)We talk about people being “colour blind” but very few of us are.Even those who describe themselves as colourblind are normally just colour lack.A strongly colourblind person will still be able to tell 20 different colours, pared to the 100 or so that normalsighted people see. Pingelap, a tiny island in the Pacific, is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble.It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white. Not being able to see in colour is bad enough.But one islander, Herrol, who’s a fisherman, also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burntout image.“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun，” he says，“because when it’s sunny I cannot see to do my work.” But if being truly colourblind is rare, why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world? Well, we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海嘯)．As few as 20 people survived, one of whom was the king.It’s believed he had a genetic fault that caused colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations. There is one advantage.Herrol can see well, really well, in the dark.So when it gets dark, Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish.They hang up flaming torches and the fish are attracted to the flames.“This type of fishing is fun，” Herrol says, “especially if we catch plenty.So even though it’s hard work we enjoy it.” 【解題導(dǎo)語】　Pingelap因很多居民是色盲而聞名。由于統(tǒng)治該島的國王是色盲，他將這一基因遺傳給了后代。 12．What is Pingelap famous as? A．A tiny island. B．A beautiful island. C．A mentally troubled island. D．A colourblind island. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，Pingelap因為島上很多居民是色盲而出名，故D項正確。 13．What can we infer about Herrol? A．He may stay at home when it’s sunny. B．He is interested in burntout images. C．He likes taking photos very much. D．He doesn’t live in Pingelap any more. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Herrol所說的話“I find it difficult to go outside in the sun...because when it’s sunny I cannot see to do my work.”可知，Herrol發(fā)現(xiàn)在陽光下他無法看清東西，所以無法工作；據(jù)此可以判斷，陽光充足時他可能會待在家里，故A項正確。 14．Why are about onetenth of people in Pingelap seriously colourblind? A．Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamis. B．Because the king had an unlucky marriage. C．Because the king’s genetic fault played a role. D．Because the king made a serious mistake. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“It’s believed he had a genetic fault that caused colourblindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.”可知，該島的國王是色盲，他將這一基因遺傳給了后代，故島上很多人是色盲，故C項正確。 15．What would be the best title for the text? A．The Island of Colourblindness B．The Disadvantage of Herrol C．The History of Pingelap D．The Advantage of Colourblindness A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是第二段的第二句“It is known as Colourblind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.”可知，本文主要介紹了色盲島——Pingelap, 故A項最適合作本文標(biāo)題。 七選五 (2018遼寧五校聯(lián)考)Shortness of breath has many different causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause. 1.________There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it ，at least until the ambulance arrives or you’re able to get the victim to a hospital. 2．________The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure? Take a break. Let the victim sit, stand or lie where’s the most fortable. There’re lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position. 3.________　 Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it’s for. 4.________ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most. Treat the cause of shortness of breath. 5.________Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance. A．Have the victim rest. B．Take more exercise at the gym. C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor. D．There’re many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable. E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible. F．Every person is different, however，so let the victim decide what position is the most fortable. G．In many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了呼吸困難的發(fā)生有很多原因，同時提出了四種急救方法。 1．G　解析：本段主要講呼吸困難有很多原因，治療呼吸困難有不同的方法，因此空處應(yīng)講治療呼吸困難的一般方法，且與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選G。 2．A　解析：根據(jù)本段中的“The cure? Take a break.”可知，本段主要講讓患者休息這種方法，故選A。 3．F　解析：根據(jù)第三段的主題句可知，此處表示每個人感覺舒服的方式都不同，所以空處應(yīng)講讓病人決定最舒服的姿勢，故選F。 4．C　解析：根據(jù)本段的主題句可以判斷此處指要使用氧氣，故選C。 5．D　解析：根據(jù)空處上下文可以判斷，此處表示呼吸困難有很多原因，但是可以治療的，故選D。