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Unit7,,Unit7Internationalcharities,Passivevoiceinthesimplepresentandpasttenses,Grammar,n.傳單,散頁印刷品,handouttheleaflet,分發(fā),提出,,,1.…,andabout80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedandcured.2.Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcenter.3.Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.4.…,150patientsareoperatedon.,TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.,語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，表示的是主語和謂語之間的關系。英語中的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。當主語是謂語的執(zhí)行者時，用主動語態(tài)。當主語是謂語的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)。如：Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我們每天都打掃教室。Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.教室每天都被(我們)打掃。,被動語態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時,被動語態(tài)的基本構成,ThecakewaseatenbyDaniel.2.Nancyboughtabookyesterday.3.ThelittledogislookedafterverywellbySimon.4.HeisreadingEnglish.5.Thecomputerisboughtbymyuncle.6.Iamwokenupbymyfathereverymorning.,Underlinethepassivevoiceinthefollowingsentences.,,,,,Noneofthebookswastakenaway.,沒有一本書被拿走。,動作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或者不言自明時。,被動語態(tài)的基本用法,,Thetoyisdesignedforchildren.,在不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時。,這款玩具是為孩子們設計的。,需要強調(diào)動作的承受者時。,Mybikewasrepaired.,我的自行車修好了。,Theproblemwastalkedaboutjustnow.,出于委婉或禮貌而避談動作的執(zhí)行者時。,這個問題剛才被討論過。,MrWuislikedbyallofhisstudents.,所有的學生都喜歡吳老師。,在被動語態(tài)的句子中,如果我們需要指出動作的執(zhí)行者,可以由by引出。,,有些動詞常用于被動語態(tài)。如：HewasborninNanjing.他生于南京。ThemobilephonewasmadeinChina.這部手機是中國制造的。,注意:,1.TodayEnglish_______alloverChina.A.teachB.teachesC.istaughtD.aretaught2.Themeeting_______twoweeksago.A.holdB.washeldC.wereheldD.isheld3.Thethief________bythepolicelastnight.A.caughtB.iscaughtC.wascaughtD.werecaught,4.Thephotos_______whenIwasyoung.A.weretakenB.wastakenC.aretakenD.istaken5.Millieismybestfriend.I___often____toherparty.A.isinvitedB.aminvitedC.areinvitedD.wasinvited6.LastyearBeijing____byabigsandstorm.A.ishitB.werehitC.willbehitD.washit,,主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的句式轉換,主動+謂語+雙賓語的句式轉換,1.有些動詞,其主動語態(tài)形式含有被動意義。如:系動詞smell,taste,sound,feel等。Thedishsmellsgood.這道菜聞起來很香。Themusicsoundsnice.這段音樂聽起來不錯。,注意:,還有一些不及物動詞,常用主動語態(tài),和well,easily等副詞連用,含有被動意義。如:read,write,draw,sell,wash,cook,clean等。Thebookssellwell.這些書很暢銷。Thepenwritessmoothly.這支筆寫起來很順滑。2.在感官動詞和使役動詞的主動語態(tài)句式中,動詞不定式的to常省去,但是在被動語態(tài)中要加上to。,TheClass1,Grade8studentsaretalkingaboutthedifferentthingspeoplecandoforthepoor.Lookatthepicturesandhelpthemcompletetheirnotesusingthewordsinbracketsandthepassivevoice.Addthewordbywhennecessary.,areplannedtohelpthepoor,Whattheydoeveryyear,1.Charityactivities_________________________(plan/tohelpthepoor).,arehandedouttopeople,Leaflets__________________________________________________(handout/topeopleinthestreet/volunteers).,inthestreetbyvolunteers,ToysandCDs_____________________(sell/toraisemoney).,aresoldtoraisemoney,Whattheydidlastweek,Newbooks___________________________________________________________(send/tochildreninpoorareas/theClass1,Grade8students).,weresenttochildreninpoor,areasbytheClass1,Grade8students,Warmclothes__________________________(collect/forpoorpeople).,werecollectedforpoorpeople,Acharityshow_____________________________(hold/theStudents’Union).,washeldbytheStudents’Union,AmyandDanielaretalkingaboutcharities.Completetheirconversationwiththewordsinbracketsusingthepassivevoice.,Amy:I’mreadingabookaboutOxfam.Daniel:Really?Pleasetellmeaboutit.,Amy:OK.Oxfam___________(setup)intheUKin1942,andthefirstOxfamshop__________(open)in1948.Nowithasabout15,000shopsinallovertheworld.Alotofthings_________(sell)inOxfamshops,includingbooks.Themoney_______(use)byOxfamtohelppoorpeople.,wassetup,wasopened,aresold,isused,Daniel:That’sgood.TherearealsosomecharityprojectsinChina.Oneofthem________(call)ProjectHope.It__________(start)in1989.Withitshelp,millionsofpoorchildrenalloverthecountry__________(give)basiceducation.,iscalled,wasstarted,aregiven,Amy:Yea.Manyschools__________(build)inpoorareaseachyear.,arebuilt,Exercises,把下列主動語態(tài)的句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),或把被動語態(tài)的句子變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)。,1.TomeoftenhelpsJennywhensheisintrouble.JennyisoftenhelpedbyTomwhensheisintrouble.,2.Iboughtacomputerlastweek.Acomputerwasboughtbymelastweek.3.ThewholecakewaseatenbyEddieyesterday.Eddieatethewholecakeyesterday.,4.Manytreesareplantedbystudentsandteacherseveryyear.Studentsandteachersplantmanytresseveryyear.5.Shetakesgoodcareofthechildren.Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofbyher.,1.Reviewthecontentsofthislesson.2.Finishtheexercisesintheworkbook.3.Previewthenextlesson.,