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Unit 3 　A taste of English humour 完形填空之利用對(duì)立(轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步)關(guān)系解題 方法指導(dǎo) 在完形填空中,前后對(duì)立是一種常見的邏輯關(guān)系。這種關(guān)系表明后一種觀點(diǎn)或事實(shí)與前一種觀點(diǎn)或事實(shí)相比有些出乎意料。 常見的表示轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步的詞或詞組有:but,still,yet,however,nevertheless, though,although,no matter,in spite of,anyway,even if等。判斷對(duì)立關(guān)系的四個(gè)常見依據(jù):①根據(jù)意思判斷; ②根據(jù)褒貶色彩判斷;③根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)判斷;④根據(jù)表示對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞判斷。 典例引領(lǐng) (2016課標(biāo)Ⅲ) When I was 13 my only purpose was to bee the star on our football team. That meant　1　Miller King, who was the best　2　at our school. Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for　3　. Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from　4　. He looked very　5　, but he didn’t cry. That season, I　6　 all of Miller’s records while he　7　the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 　8　I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 　9　. One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller　10　 going over a fence—which wasn’t　11　to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept　12　from. But even that challenge he accepted. I　13　him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 　14　 on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did　15　. Thank you for filling in for　16　.” His words freed me from my bad　17　. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was　18　ahead of me. I was right to have 　19　him. From that day on, I grew　20　and a little more real. 1. A.cheering for B.beating out C.relying on D.staying with 2.A.coach B.student C.teacher D.player 3.A.practice B.show C.fort D.pleasure 4.A.school B.vacation C.hospital D.training 5.A.pale B.calm C.relaxed D.ashamed 6.A.held B.broke C.set D.tried 7.A.reported B.judged C.organized D.watched 8.A.and B.then C.but D.thus 9.A.decision B.mistake C.accident D.sacrifice 10.A.stuck B.hurt C.tired D.lost 11.A.steady B.hard C.fun D.fit 12.A.praise B.advice C.assistance D.apology 13.A.let B.helped C.had D.noticed 14.A.dropped B.ready C.trapped D.safe 15.A.fine B.wrong C.quickly D.normally 16.A.us B.yourself C.me D.them 17.A.memories B.ideas C.attitudes D.dreams 18.A.still B.also C.yet D.just 19.A.challenged B.cured C.invited D.admired 20.A.healthier B.bigger C.cleverer D.cooler 方法運(yùn)用 [語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。我一直夢(mèng)想戰(zhàn)勝學(xué)校最好的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員Miller King。他在車禍中失去了一只胳膊,我則成了最有價(jià)值的球員。但是我對(duì)此經(jīng)常感到不安,是他的行為讓我意識(shí)到他的不平凡,而且我也因此受益頗深。 1.B　根據(jù)上文可知我唯一的目標(biāo)就是成為足球隊(duì)的明星,結(jié)合上下文可知Miller King是學(xué)校最好的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,這也就意味著我要戰(zhàn)勝他。beat out=defeat,意為“戰(zhàn)勝;擊敗”。 2.D　根據(jù)上文的football team可知Miller King是學(xué)校最優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員(player)。 3.A　根據(jù)上文“all summer long I worked out”可知,我不管到哪里都攜帶一個(gè)足球來練習(xí)。 4.C　根據(jù)“Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm”可以判斷出,他從醫(yī)院(hospital)回來后我去看望了他。 5.A　根據(jù)but he didn’t cry可知他看上去臉色很蒼白。 6.B　根據(jù)上文可知之前最優(yōu)秀的球員Miller失去了右胳膊,因此無法上場(chǎng),而我在開賽前努力練習(xí),由此可知在那個(gè)賽季,我打破(broke)了Miller保持的所有紀(jì)錄。 7.D　他失去了一只胳膊,無法上場(chǎng)比賽,由此可知他只能坐在凳子上觀看(watched)主場(chǎng)比賽。 8.C　上文提到我們贏得了比賽,自己也被評(píng)為最有價(jià)值的球員,下文指出我經(jīng)常做瘋狂的夢(mèng),在夢(mèng)中我應(yīng)該為Miller的車禍負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)語境可知上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 9.C　根據(jù)第三段中的Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm可知Miller遇到了車禍,故accident正確。 10.A　 他沒有右胳膊,所以我看到他在翻越圍欄時(shí)被卡住了。stick陷住;卡住。 11.B　根據(jù)if you had both arms可知,如果有兩只胳膊的話,翻越圍欄并不是困難的(hard)事。 12.C　根據(jù)上文可推斷此處表示“我敢肯定,在這個(gè)世界上他最不想接受我的幫助(assistance)”。 13.B　根據(jù)下文中的When we were finally...on the other side可知,我?guī)退胤搅藝鷻?故helped正確。 14.D　我?guī)退胤搅藝鷻?兩個(gè)人都安全到達(dá)了另一側(cè)。故選D。 15.A　根據(jù)上文第四段的內(nèi)容可知,他說我這個(gè)賽季的表現(xiàn)不錯(cuò)(fine)。 16.C　我在球隊(duì)表現(xiàn)出色,Miller感謝我替補(bǔ)了他的位置,故me正確。 17.D　 結(jié)合第四段最后一句可知,他的話讓我從噩夢(mèng)(dreams)中解脫出來了。 18.A　由第一段可知Miller在受傷前是最優(yōu)秀的球員,根據(jù)上文中的he was more of a leader可知現(xiàn)在他雖然受傷了,但是沒有被擊敗,仍然(still)領(lǐng)先于我。 19.D　根據(jù)第一段可知我13歲時(shí)的目標(biāo)就是成為足球隊(duì)的明星,而Miller當(dāng)時(shí)是最優(yōu)秀的球員,所以我認(rèn)為自己曾經(jīng)欽佩(admired)他是正確的。 20.B　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,他的話讓我更加強(qiáng)大(bigger)、更加真實(shí)。