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題組提分練8 Unit 3 puters 限時(shí)35分鐘　 加黑體小題訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題和事實(shí)排序題 閱讀理解A　(2018邢臺質(zhì)檢)　體裁：應(yīng)用文　話題：節(jié)假日活動(dòng)　難度：★★☆☆☆ The Summer Holiday Activities for Families in the UK While the Astronaut spacewalk, Manchester last year remains in the memory of some families, our weekbyweek guide to the school summer break this year features a host of special events and outdoor fun for kids, from openair cinema and live music to ing face to face with dinosaurs. Polar fun, Edinburgh Dynamic Earth in Edinburgh is keeping cool this summer with lots of polarthemed activities, including family science shows on the Arctic and Antarctic, icy experiments, and craft designs where kids can make their own penguin, walrus or polar bear. Until 28 August, ￡15 adults, ￡9.50 children, dynamicearth.co.uk. 1 July～10 September, prices vary, usually from ￡5～10, booking for events required but the house and gardens can be visited without booking， stammerhouse.co.UK/kidsfest. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了幾個(gè)適合家庭的暑假活動(dòng)。 答案與解析　B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞fossil定位到原文第三段最后一句，再通過Dianosaur events, various locations可知選項(xiàng)B正確。 答案與解析　C　數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“最多花費(fèi)多少錢”結(jié)合文章對各個(gè)活動(dòng)中的費(fèi)用信息可知所有的活動(dòng)花費(fèi)是：[(15＋29.5＋10)＋(9.50＋26＋10)]2＝200，故選項(xiàng)C正確。 答案與解析　A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對Proud Country House kids fest這個(gè)活動(dòng)的介紹中“講故事、騎車、爬樹和家庭瑜伽”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。 詞匯微存?、賗n the memory of ...在……的記憶中； ②feature vt.以……為特色 閱讀理解B　(2018張家口模擬)　體裁：說明文　話題：社會(huì)　難度：★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　 The typical British employees can expect to spend about ￡34,000 during their whole working life on the daily costs of being in the office, including tea runs and leaving gifts for colleagues, according to a research. Overall, more than a quarter of people surveyed said they felt pressured when it came to contributing towards birthday and leaving gifts, with 27% of people saying this about gifts for colleagues who were leaving. Nearly 32% said they felt pressured into contributing money to help their colleagues charity fund raising efforts. 【語篇解讀】　文章介紹在整個(gè)工作生涯中，英國員工用在包括喝茶、同事之間的送禮物等大概花費(fèi)3400英鎊。文章同時(shí)分析了男士和女士在這些花費(fèi)方面的不同態(tài)度。 A. ￡25,500 B. ￡34,000 C. ￡20,000 D. ￡40,000 答案與解析　A　數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知每年大約花費(fèi)850英鎊，工作30年，總計(jì)花銷應(yīng)為：85030＝25 550 ，故選項(xiàng)A正確。 5．pared with men, womens reaction to spending money at work Christmas parties is ________. A. more satisfied B. unhappier C. more stressed D. less concerned 答案與解析　C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句和第三句“42%的男士為單位圣誕派對花錢會(huì)很不開心，與此相比，34%的女士會(huì)為此感到不開心。20%的女士覺得為單位圣誕派對花錢倍感壓力而12%的男士會(huì)這么覺得”。可推斷出相比男士而言，女士對花錢過單位圣誕派對的壓力比男士大，故選項(xiàng)C正確。 6．What does Alan Oliver advise office workers to do? A. Work in big teams. B. Save money for future use. C. Get along well with colleagues. D. Raise enough money to do charity. 答案與解析　B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句可知Alan Oliver建議培養(yǎng)定期存錢的習(xí)慣有助于應(yīng)付將來的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，故選項(xiàng)B正確。 7．What can be the best title for the text? A. The Management of Personal Finance B. Relations Among the UK Office Workers C. Levels of Happiness of the UK Office Workers D. The Daily Cost of the UK Employees in an Office 答案與解析　D　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹英國員工的日?；ㄙM(fèi)情況，故選項(xiàng)D作為標(biāo)題合適。 詞匯微存?、賞ressured/stressed adj.壓力大的； ②pared with ...與……相比 閱讀技巧4　加減乘除得數(shù)據(jù)——數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題 解答數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題(如閱讀第2和第4小題)關(guān)鍵是要弄清各數(shù)據(jù)之間的邏輯關(guān)系，選準(zhǔn)比較的數(shù)據(jù)，弄清單位換算關(guān)系，確定計(jì)算方法。解題技巧如下：①先閱讀題干，然后帶著題干中的關(guān)鍵詞去讀文章，對于數(shù)字、時(shí)間、年代等在讀的同時(shí)做好標(biāo)記，以便讀完文章后進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的計(jì)算。②簡單的數(shù)據(jù)可采用“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為式，進(jìn)行簡單的運(yùn)算。 閱讀理解C　(2018德州質(zhì)檢)　體裁：說明文　話題：科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)　難度：★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　 A new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry air using nothing but sunlight. With this device, “you can harvest a glass of water in an hour，” says Omar Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “Thats about how much water a person needs a day to survive in the desert.” Although the current device is just a prototype (原型), the technology could be adopted to supply fresh water to the most remote regions of the globe, such as the Middle East and North Africa. When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF801 collects water vapor from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box, which cools the vapor, making it into drinkable water. This entire process takes around two hours. Laboratroy tests of the device harvested 2.8 liters of water per day. Therefore, the device could be used as a personal water source in dry regions, Yaghi says, or the technology could be used to produce enough water for a whole munity. 【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了一種能利用陽光把空氣制造成可飲用水的設(shè)備，這項(xiàng)設(shè)備可用來為偏遠(yuǎn)地方提供飲用水。 8．The new device is invented to ________ according to Yaghi. A. provide solar enegy B. make the desert hospitable C. make water from air D. measure humidity 答案與解析　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“利用太陽光把空氣變成水”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。 9．What helps the device avoid the problems of previous attempts? A. A new material called MOF801. B. Large pores which can trap water. C. The box cooling water vapor. D. The layer powered by the sun. 答案與解析　A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知這種可以避免以前的嘗試中遇到的問題的特殊材料是MOF801, 故選項(xiàng)A正確。 10．Which is the right order of how the device works? a. Collect vapor from the air. b. The device is left in the shade. c. The device is moved in the sunlight. d. Cool the vapor into drinkable water. A. a, b, c, d B. b, a, c, d C. c, a, b, d D. a, c, b, d 答案與解析　B　事實(shí)排序題。根據(jù)第五段的造水順序說明可知先將設(shè)備放在陰涼處，以收集空氣中的水蒸氣，再將設(shè)備移到陽光下，最后水蒸氣變冷轉(zhuǎn)化為可飲用水，故選項(xiàng)B正確。 詞匯微存?、賓xisting adj.現(xiàn)有的；現(xiàn)存的 ②hospitable adj.好客的 閱讀技巧5　首尾定位排序列——事實(shí)排序題 細(xì)節(jié)排序類的考查形式是在選項(xiàng)中列舉一些具體事實(shí)，然后要求學(xué)生根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容對選項(xiàng)中的事實(shí)進(jìn)行排序。如閱讀理解C第10小題。解題技巧：①先定排頭后定尾：先確定第一個(gè)，然后確定最后一個(gè)，縮小選擇范圍。②對照選項(xiàng)定中間：排出首尾順序后，對照選項(xiàng)，若有相同選項(xiàng)則為答案，核查原文確定中間幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的排序。 閱讀七選五　(2018阜陽統(tǒng)考)　體裁：記敘文　話題：社會(huì)　難度：★★★☆☆　　One of my earliest memories was watching my mum talk on our old phone. I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her. __1__ I was wondering how she managed to talk with someone she couldnt see. __2__ Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came puters and smart phones. These days I can send an email around the world in a second. My daughters smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accounts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”， where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before. __3__ Few take the time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into the eyes of our loved ones, we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generations are also the loneliest. Dont let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make the time to meet, to pray and to municate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. __4__ A. That was a long time ago. B. Connect offline as well as online. C. Smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages. D. We should municate with each other with phones off. E. When your technology can help to do these things, then use it. G. When she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while. 答案與解析　 【語篇解讀】　科技的發(fā)展使我們的交流過更方便，但是我們面對面的交流反而少而又少，因此我們應(yīng)明智地使用科技。 1．G　根據(jù)設(shè)空前一句中的fascinated和設(shè)空后一句中的wondering可知作者對電話很好奇，故選項(xiàng)G“她離開屋子時(shí)，我慢慢地走到電話前看了電話一會(huì)”符合語境。 2．A　設(shè)空后是Later, 故該空指看見電話感到很好奇是很久以前的事，故選項(xiàng)A正確。 3．F　設(shè)空上一句說明“好像我們比以前的聯(lián)系更密切了”結(jié)合設(shè)空后一句“很少有人花時(shí)間面對面交談”可推知，此處表是轉(zhuǎn)折，應(yīng)用選項(xiàng)F“然而，使我困惑的是我們現(xiàn)在很少和他人聯(lián)系”符合語境。 4．B　根據(jù)設(shè)空前一句中的關(guān)鍵信息the phones off 可推斷出選項(xiàng)B“保持線下線上的交流”符合語境。 5．E　根據(jù)空后的關(guān)鍵詞it cant 可知該處應(yīng)用選項(xiàng)E“當(dāng)科技能幫助我們時(shí)，用它”。 詞匯微存?、賐e fascinated by ...對……著迷； ②at any time在任何時(shí)候 七選五技巧3　利用邏輯關(guān)系巧解段中句 利用句子之間的邏輯詞語可以解設(shè)空在句中的題，語句間的組合，除了從語句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語來把握。常用的連接詞或短語有：因果關(guān)系(so、therefore、thus、consequently、as a result等)；并列關(guān)系(first、second、third ...; firstly、secondly、thirdly ...; first、next、then ...; for one thing、for another thing ...等)；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(however、nevertheless、still、though、yet、otherwise等)。 微技能1　并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 并列關(guān)系：空格前后兩句之間有：first、second、third; firstly、secondly、thirdly; first、next、then; for one thing、for another; to begin with; to conclude等詞，應(yīng)推出前后句是并列關(guān)系，空格處很可能是個(gè)并列的句子。 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：空格前后兩句之間有also“也，并且”；further“進(jìn)一步地，而且”；furthermore“而且，此外”；likewise“同樣地，也”；similarly“相同地，類似地”；moreover“而且，此外”；in addition“另外”；whats more“而且”；not only ... but (also) “不但……而且……”等連接詞或詞組，應(yīng)推出前后兩句是邏輯上的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。 微技能2　轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系 空格前后兩句話之間有however“然而”；nevertheless“然而，不過”；still“還，仍然”；though“可是，不過，然而”；yet“然而”；on the contrary“正相反”；in contrast“與此相反，相比之下”；in parison“比較，與……比較”；by parison“相比之下，比較起來”等連接詞，應(yīng)推出前后兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格可能是一個(gè)表轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步的句子。 微技能3　因果或例證關(guān)系 因果關(guān)系：so/therefore、thus、consequently、 as a result of、so/such ... that ...、so that ...等，如出現(xiàn)這些標(biāo)志性詞語，表明前后句有因果關(guān)系。 例證關(guān)系：空格前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和演繹(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。