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Unit 1 Festivals around the world 一、閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin(胰島素)，and insulin causes fat growth. How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food bees sugar in our bloodstream.How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù))，or GI rating tells us.Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods，leading to faster sugar development.Bananas have a GI of 62，which is considered low. Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone，but it is especially hard for diabetics(糖尿病患者)．A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese diabetics.After four weeks of a diet high in bananas，diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet. Whats more，bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes，diabetes and cancers(Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.)．Bananas are also a rich source of fiber，which has been shown to help weight loss.Bananas that still have some green on the skin are even higher in fiber. Skins from green bananas can be taken and，after removing the stem and dark tip，cut into small pieces 23 inches long and 1/2 inch wide.These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish.When you eat the skins，be sure you are eating organic bananas.The flesh of regular bananas is low in pesticides，but the skins are not. 1．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1&2? A．Bananas are likely to make people fat. B．Insulin determines the amount of sugar. C．LowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly. D．The faster the food bees sugar，the less insulin. 2．What does the author say about bananas? A．Including bananas in diets is good for health. B．Bananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer. C．Eating organic bananas protect people from strokes. D．Bananas abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity. 3．What is discussed in the last paragraph? A．The use of banana skins. B．The benefits of banana skins. C．The importance of banana skins. D．The ways of choosing organic bananas. 4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Education. B．Health. C．Culture. D．Science. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文反駁了“吃香蕉會(huì)使人發(fā)胖”這一錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，告訴大家香蕉不會(huì)使身體分泌很多胰島素而導(dǎo)致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉對(duì)身體健康有著諸多好處。 1．C　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中“How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù))．..faster sugar development”可知，血糖指數(shù)高的食物往往能更快地轉(zhuǎn)化成糖分，反之，血糖指數(shù)低的食物轉(zhuǎn)化成糖分的速度較慢。故選C。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet”及第四段的“bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes，diabetes and cancers...weight loss”可知，香蕉可以幫助人們減肥，也能降低人們患中風(fēng)、糖尿病及癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，由此可得出這樣的結(jié)論：將香蕉列入日常飲食對(duì)人們的健康有益，故選A。 3．A　考查主旨要義。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容尤其是“...can be made into a tea or added to a dish”可知，本段主要講的是香蕉皮的用途。故選A。 4．B　考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，香蕉不僅有助于減肥，還能降低人們患中風(fēng)、糖尿病及癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而且香蕉皮也有用處。由此可知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的健康專欄。故選B。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf. 答案：can　此處表示能力，要用can。 2．I think you should apologize to your brother ________your rudeness. 答案：for　apologize to sb. for sth. “因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼浮薄? 3．It is surprising that there are still many people in the world ________(starve) to death each year. 答案：starving　starve to death “餓死”，people和starve在邏輯上存在主謂關(guān)系，故要用starve的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，作后置定語(yǔ)。 4．No official ________(permit) has been given for the event to take place. 答案：permission　official permission “官方許可”，在句中是名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。 5．Forgive others, and you ________(forgive)． 答案：will be forgiven　本句是“祈使句，and sb. will do ...”句式，本句中forgive和you存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 6．The story reminds me ________an unforgettable experience I once had. 答案：of　remind sb. of sth. “使某人想到某事”。 7．Contrary to the popular belief ________classical music is too plex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create. 答案：that　句中belief為一抽象名詞，其后接由that連接的同位語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明belief。 8．Id like to express my ________(admire) for the courage and unplaining spirit of the firefighters. 答案：admiration　由空前的人稱代詞my可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞admiration “敬佩”。 9．________was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated. 答案：It　It is obvious that ... “很明顯……”。 10．The judge ________(award) him $1,000 in damages. 答案：awarded　award在句中是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，意為“裁定；判給”。 三、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 (2018烏魯木齊第三次診斷) It was 3 am，a cold and wet night，on August 21,2010.I had just left a local club to travel ten kilometers home when I lost __1__ of my car on Grand Junction Road in Hope Valley. I __2__ into a still car that was __3__ in front of a house，and then hit a tree.I was badly injured！__4__ still，I had no idea that a fire had started __5__ the bonnet (引擎蓋)of my car. __6__ in the car behind me was a young man，who I later found out was called Jared.He saw the accident occur and __7__ to help me out of the car.He put his own life in __8__ when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt. With my seat belt __9__ ，Jared then broke the drivers window to drag me out.He __10__ did this while my car was burning.__11__ by the crash，the homeowners came out to investigate(調(diào)查)．Jared told them to ring emergency services __12__ he continued to help me out of the car. I __13__ my life to Jared and I consider him a good friend due to the __14__ bond created on the night he dragged me to safety.I was rushed to the Royal Adelaide Hospital in a __15__ condition，five bones broken. I spent a few weeks in hospital，during which time Jared visited me to see how I was __16__.He also continued to contact me after I returned home.He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.On that，I __17__ disagree with him and am very glad that he didnt get hurt in the __18__. Today，nearly seven years later，Jared and I still __19__ and often talk about the events of that night.Jared is my __20__ and my friend. 1．A.balance B．sight C．interest D．control 2．A.got B．stepped C．crashed D．hid 3．A.kept B．parked C．found D．stood 4．A.Worse B．Luckily C．Clearly D．Badly 5．A.off B．under C．near D．beyond 6．A.Sitting B．Sleeping C．Driving D．Waiting 7．A.stopped B．failed C．happened D．hesitated 8．A.practice B．hand C．safety D．danger 9．A.renewed B．undone C．repaired D．fastened 10．A.hardly B．gradually C．bravely D．naturally 11．A.Annoyed B．Dragged C．Warned D．Woken 12．A.while B．a(chǎn)lthough C．until D．since 13．A.devote B．owe C．take D．save 14．A.bloody B．social C．special D．loose 15．A.nervous B．pleasant C．normal D．serious 16．A.recovering B．operating C．struggling D．relaxing 17．A.eventually B．exactly C．totally D．probably 18．A.spot B．process C．way D．challenge 19．A.take care B．fit in C．drop in on D．keep in touch 20．A.angel B．owner C．doctor D．driver 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。七年前的一個(gè)夜晚，“我”的車(chē)失控撞到前面的車(chē)輛和樹(shù)木，然后起火，“我”受了重傷，“我”后邊的車(chē)?yán)锏哪贻p人勇敢將“我”從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)并把“我”送到醫(yī)院?！拔摇笨祻?fù)后和那個(gè)年輕人成了好朋友。 1．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree”可推知，“我”的車(chē)失控了。lose control of...為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)……失去控制”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 2．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“hit a tree.I was badly injured！”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛車(chē)?！癱rash into…”為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“撞上……”。故選C。 3．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“a still car”和空格后的“in front of a house”可推知，“我”撞上了一輛停在房子前面的車(chē)。B項(xiàng)意為“停放(汽車(chē)等)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 4．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“I had no idea that a fire had started...”可推知，撞車(chē)本來(lái)就是一件很糟糕的事，而著火則令事情更加糟糕。worse still意為“更糟糕的是”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 5．B　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“the bonnet(引擎蓋)of my car”可推知，車(chē)的引擎蓋下面著火了，而作者并不知情。B項(xiàng)意為“在……下面”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 6．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“He saw the accident occur...”及語(yǔ)境可知，這個(gè)年輕人目擊了這起事故；由此可推知，他當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)該是在我后面開(kāi)車(chē)。故選C。 7．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文所描述的這個(gè)年輕人救“我”的過(guò)程可推知，此處是指他停下自己的車(chē)然后把“我”從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)。stop to do sth.意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 8．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的車(chē)撞到了一輛車(chē)并起火；由此可推知，這個(gè)年輕人是冒著生命危險(xiǎn)將“我”從車(chē)?yán)镒С鰜?lái)的。put...in danger為固定搭配，意為“將……置于危險(xiǎn)之中”。故選D。 9．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上一段中的“when he got into the back seat trying to undo my seat belt”可推知，他先解開(kāi)了我的安全帶。B項(xiàng)意為“解開(kāi)，松開(kāi)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 10．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“while my car was burning”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)車(chē)還在著火，所以將“我”從車(chē)?yán)镒С鰜?lái)很危險(xiǎn)，他的這個(gè)行為很勇敢。C項(xiàng)意為“勇敢地”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 11．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“It was 3 am, a cold and wet night”可知，此處指這家人被這場(chǎng)事故吵醒。D項(xiàng)意為“弄醒，醒來(lái)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 12．A　考查連詞辨析。句意為：Jared告訴他們打急救電話，同時(shí)繼續(xù)把“我”從車(chē)中拽出來(lái)。while意為“與……同時(shí)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩件事同時(shí)發(fā)生。故選A。 13．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處指“我”能活下來(lái)是因?yàn)镴ared。 owe...to...為固定用法，意為“將……歸功于……”。故選B。 14．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“created on the night he dragged me to safety”可知，此處是指在Jared救“我”的那晚我們就建立了特殊的聯(lián)系。C項(xiàng)意為“特別的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 15．D　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“five bones broken”可知，“我”被送往醫(yī)院時(shí)斷了五根骨頭；由此可推知，“我”的傷勢(shì)很?chē)?yán)重。D項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)重的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 16．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及常識(shí)可知，Jared來(lái)醫(yī)院是看“我”恢復(fù)得怎么樣了。A項(xiàng)意為“康復(fù)，恢復(fù)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 17．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)前一句“He says he doesnt believe that he did anything special.”可知，他認(rèn)為自己并沒(méi)有做什么特別的事情。而“我”在這一點(diǎn)上完全不同意他的看法，因?yàn)樗攘恕拔摇钡拿?。C項(xiàng)意為“完全地，全部地”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。 18．B　考查名詞辨析。此處是指“我”很慶幸他在營(yíng)救“我”的過(guò)程中沒(méi)有受傷。B項(xiàng)意為“過(guò)程”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。 19．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“often talk about the events of that night”可知，多年后我們?nèi)匀槐３种?lián)系。D項(xiàng)意為“保持聯(lián)系”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。 20．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，Jared救過(guò)“我”的命，因此“我”覺(jué)得他是“我”的天使、“我”的朋友。A項(xiàng)意為“天使”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in the memory of the dead. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉memory前的the　in memory of “為了紀(jì)念……”。 2．Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn out sooner or later. ________________________________________________________ 答案：out→up　turn up “出現(xiàn)；露面”。turn out “證明是；結(jié)果是”。 3．Its possible to hold your breathe for two minutes in practice. ________________________________________________________ 答案：breathe→breath　breathe是動(dòng)詞，意為“呼吸”，breath是名詞，hold ones breath意為“屏住呼吸”。 4．The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward to delivering to them quickly and cheaply. ________________________________________________________ 答案：delivering→delivered　句中“they look forward to”是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是information。have the information delivered “傳遞/發(fā)送信息”。 5．Word came the president would be shown around our school. ________________________________________________________ 答案：came后加that　Word came that ... “消息傳來(lái)說(shuō)……”。that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，雖無(wú)意義但是不能省略。 五、七選五 ing facetoface with your inadequacies(缺點(diǎn))can be painful，to say the least.__1__ It even makes you question yourself.Your kneejerk reaction may be to get defensive or even dismiss the critique entirely.But handling negative feedback with grace will not only make you look gracious，but it could ultimately help you grow as a person.Heres how to do it. 1．Be objective about the criticism Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other persons opinion，take a step back and look at it objectively. Next time you get a bad review，dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate.__2__ 2．Avoid unnecessary conflict If you decide that the point is valid，it may be hard to take.In your disfort，you may feel the urge to criticize the other person angrily and defend yourself.__3__ 3．Be open to the idea of change __4__ And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance” that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most. 4．Ask questions If youre open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement，you will likely need more information.__5__ Your emotions will be running high，and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information.However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you.Even if you dont agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it. A．Most of us are pretty stubborn. B．There is no doubt that change is necessary. C．But its best to avoid getting into an argument. D．Being sensitive to criticism leads you nowhere. E．It challenges the way you believe people see you. F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it. G．The initial moment you hear it may not be the best time to ask for more details. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】聽(tīng)到別人對(duì)你的批評(píng)也許會(huì)很痛苦，但是如果優(yōu)雅地處理這些問(wèn)題，自己將變得更好。 1．E　根據(jù)空后一句話可知，空處與下一句是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，E項(xiàng)“這會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)你認(rèn)為別人看待你的方式”，所以E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 2．F　根據(jù)空前的“dont immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate”可知，空處應(yīng)講給自己一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)真正吸收這些信息并對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)估。故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 3．C　根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Avoid unnecessary conflict”可知，C項(xiàng)“但是最好避免陷入爭(zhēng)吵”符合語(yǔ)境。 4．A　根據(jù)空后的“And it may be because of a concept called‘cognitive dissonance’ that can prevent us from changing even when thats what we need most”及本段小標(biāo)題可知，A項(xiàng)“我們大部分人都很倔強(qiáng)”符合語(yǔ)境。 5．G　根據(jù)空后的“Your emotions will be running high, and you may not be particularly receptive to extra information”并結(jié)合上文可知，空處應(yīng)講最開(kāi)始聽(tīng)到批評(píng)時(shí)不適合問(wèn)更多的細(xì)節(jié)，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。