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第15練 語(yǔ)法填空 概要寫(xiě)作 題組一 語(yǔ)法填空 1 Chinaisoneoftheworld’soldestcivilizations，1.isastatelocatedinEastAsia.Chinaisrichinhistory，ancientChinesearchitecture，cultureandhascontributed2.(wide) toglobalarts. ItiscommonknowledgethatgunpowderwasfirstmadeinChina，thoughitisamisunderstanding3.theChineseuseditonlyforfestivals.Infact，theChinesehadvariousweapons4.(use) gunpowder.CalligraphyisoneofthemajorartsofChina，andhasrecentlyenteredthewesternworld.Chineseliterature5.(exist) sincearound1,000BC.ItsestablishmentmeantthattheQingdynasty，thelastdynastyinChina，cameto6.end.ThetotalpopulationofChinaismorethanonebillion.Aroundafifthoftheworld’spopulation7.(live) inChina.TheChineseconsiderredastheir8.(luck) color.RedisasymbolofhappinessforthemandiscommonlyusedatChinesefestivals，weddings，birthdaysandotherfestiveoccasions.ThegiantpandaisChina’smostlovedanimal.Pandasarealsoconsideredsymbolsof9.(brave)．TheGreatWallofChinaisthelongestwallintheworld,10.(build) byQinShihuang，thefirstemperorofChina.Itisthelargestengineeringprojectevercarriedoutinthehistoryofmankind. 2 Therelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasalwaysbeenahottopic.Manystudentsmayfeel11.(stress) becauseoftheirparents.Mostparentshavegoodintentions,12.someofthemaren’tveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein13.(adjust) tocollege，andafewofthemseemtogooutoftheirwaytoaddtotheirchildren’s14.(difficult)． Foronething，parentsareoftennotawareofthekindsofproblemstheirchildrenface.Theydon’trealizethatthe15.(compete) isstronger，thattherequiredstandardsofworkare16.(high)，andthattheirchildrenmaynotbepreparedfor17.change.Theymaybeupsetbytheirchildren’spoorgrades.Attheirkindest，theymay18.(gentle) askwhyJohnorMaryisn’tdoingbetter，whetherheorsheistryingashardasheorshecould，andsoon.Attheirworst，theymaythreaten19.(take) theirchildrenoutofcollegeorcutofflivingexpenses. Sometimesparentsthinkitrightandnaturalthattheydetermine20.theirchildrenshoulddowiththeirlives.Theyforgetthateveryoneisdifferentandthateachpersonmustdevelopinhisorherownway. 3 Doyouliketraveling？21.(stay) healthywhiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.Ifyouaretravelingabroad，herearethetipsyouneedtomakeyourtripmuch22.(easy)． Makesureyouhavegotasignedpassportandavisa.Also,23.yougo，fillintheemergencyinformationpageofyourpassport！Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage.Thiswillhelpalotifyourpassport24.(steal)．Leaveonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives.Carrytheother25.youinaseparateplacefromyourpassport. ReadthePublicAnnouncementsorTravelWarningsforthecountriesyouplantovisit.Get26.(you) familiarwithlocallawsandcustomsofthecountriesto27.youaretraveling. Leaveacopyofyouritinerary(旅行計(jì)劃) withyourfamilyorfriendsathomesothatyoucanbecontactedincaseof28.emergency. Donotacceptpackagesfromstrangers.Donotcarrytoomuchmoneyor29.(necessary) creditcards.Ifwemakeenoughpreparations，wewill30.(success)．Haveagoodtime! 4 Teenagersarefamousforbeingonthecuttingedgeofcurrentfads(時(shí)尚) andtrends.Theyareworkingontheiridentity.Theywanttoidentifywithsomethingthatmakesthemfeelgoodabout31.(them)．Whensomethingnewcomesout，alltheteensandtheirpeerscheckitout.Ifitsticksforalittlewhile，it’safad.Ifitsticksarounda32.(long) time，itbecomesatrend. Manyfadsare33.(harm)．Backinmyday，peoplecutthesleevesandcollarsofsweatshirtsoffand34.(wear) theminsideout.Nobigdeal. Thisfaddidnotbecomeatrend.Today，everyoneowns35.iPodandtextsfriendsontheircellphones.Thesefadswilleitherfadewithnewtechnology36.becomeatrendandstayaroundawhile.We’llhavetowaitandsee. Whilekeepingupwithteenfadscansometimesbeexhaustingforparents,37.(especial) forparentsofpreteenswhoarejustgetting38.(start)，itisaworthwhileeffort.39.youcan’tpickandchoosewhichfadsortrendsyourteenswillpickup，itdoesn’tmeanyoudon’tgettoaddyouropinionandusethefad40.ateachablemoment. 題組二 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空 1 (2018遼寧遼南協(xié)作校一模) Beijingwasonceacityofbikes，knownastheBicycleKingdom,1.carswerereservedforofficialbusinessandthepoliticallypowerful.However，decadesofeconomic2.(grow) ledtoahugeflowingofcarsinthecity.Owningonebecamenotjustamarkerofreachingthemiddleclassbutalsoarequirementformarriage.Astheeconomydeveloped，autospushedbikesofftheroads,3.(create) heavypollutionandmiserabletraffic. 4．(fortunate)，nowBeijingmaybereturningtoitsroots.Thankstoabout20technologycompanies，brightlycoloredsharedbikes5.(flood) intoBeijinginthelasttwoyears.Manylocalresidentswelcomethesharedbikes6.theflexibilityandfreedomtheyoffer.Theypickupthebikesandthenrideanddropthemoffanywheretheylike，lockingthebackwheel，withnoneed7.(find) afixedplace. AnalysesinChinasayitisthreefactorsthatcontributetobikes8.(increase) rapidly：alotofcashlookingforahome，agoodideaandgovernmentsupport.“Asthecity’spopulationgrew，trafficjamsgot9.(bad)．”Cai，theofospokeswoman，said，“Sharedbikescouldsolvethe‘lastmile’problemin10.environmentallyfriendlyway.” 2 (2018安徽合肥聯(lián)考) IwastravelinginasmallplaceinNewYork.Thatplacehadnotaxiforashort11.(distant)．Onehadtotakearickshaw(人力車(chē))． Icalledoutforanoldmaninthewaitingline.BeforeIgotontherickshaw，I12.(automatic) askedhowmuchhewouldchargetotakemeacrosstotheMall.I13.(tell) “10dollars”．ThenIstartedbargaining.Hejustgaveahardsmileandsaid，“Whateveryoufeellike，pleasegiveme.Itisnotnecessary14.(bargain) onthissmallamount.” Iwasabitashamedatmyselfandkeptquietwhilehecontinued，“15.(like) thosetaxis，myvehicledoesnotrunonpetrolordiesel(柴油) orevengas；16.runsonmysweat.Sopleasegiveittome17.asmile，forthemoneyhastofeedsomany18.(hunger) mouthsathome.” WhenwereachedtheMall，Igavehimthemoneyandthesmile19.requestedandaddedagentlepatonhisback.HesmiledbackasiftogivemeareceiptandIwouldpreservehissmilefor20.longtime. Ⅱ.概要寫(xiě)作 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Anew，firstofitskindstudyexaminestheconnectionbetweenteacherburnoutandstudents’stresslevels.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiacollectedsaliva(唾液) samplesfromover400elementaryschoolchildren，gradesfourtoseven，at17publicschools.Cortisol(皮質(zhì)醇) levelswerethenassessedfromthesamplesasthehormoneiscommonlyusedasabiologicalindicatorofstress.Correspondingly，teacherburnoutwasdeterminedthroughsurveyresults. Investigatorsfoundthatinclassroomsinwhichteachersexperiencedmoreburnout，orfeelingsofemotionalexhaustion，students’cortisollevelswereelevated(提升)．Highercortisollevelsinelementaryschoolchildrenhavebeenlinkedtolearningdifficultiesaswellasmentalhealthproblems.ThestudyappearsinthejournalSocialScience&Medicine.“Thissuggeststhatstresscontagion(蔓延) mightbetakingplaceintheclassroomamongstudentsandtheirteachers，”saidEvaOberle，Ph.D.，thestudy’sleadauthor. Indeed，therelationshipbetweenstudentstressandteacherburnoutisachickenandeggquestion.“Itisunknownwhatcamefirst，elevatedcortisolorteacherburnout.Weconsidertheconnectionbetweenstudentandteacherstressacyclicalproblemintheclassroom.”O(jiān)berlesaidastressfulclassroomclimatecouldbearesultofinadequatesupportforteachers，whichmayimpactteachers’abilitytoeffectivelymanagetheirstudents.Apoorlymanagedclassroomcancontributetostudents’needsnotbeingmetandincreasingstress.Thiscouldbereflectedinelevatedcortisollevelsinstudents. Alternatively，stresscouldoriginatefromstudents，whomaybemorechallengingtoteachbecauseofincreasesinanxiety，behavioralproblems，orspecialneeds.Inthiscase，teacherscouldfeeloverwhelmedandreporthigherlevelsofburnout. “Ourstudyisareminderofthesystemicissuesfacingteachersandeducatorsasclassroomsizesincreaseandsupportsforteachersarecut，”saidOberle.“Itisclearfromanumberofrecentresearchstudiesthatteachingisoneofthemoststressfulprofessions，andthatteachersneedadequateresourcesandsupportintheirjobsinordertobattleburnoutandrelievestressintheclassroom，”saidUniversityofBritishColumbiaeducationprofessorKimberlySchonertReichl，Ph.D.，thestudy’scoauthor.“Ifwedonotsupportteachers，weriskthedamageofstudents.” 答案精析組合練 題組一 1．which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾China，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。] 2．widely　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾動(dòng)詞has contributed, 故用副詞形式。] 3．that　[考查名詞性從句。此處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明了misunderstanding的內(nèi)容，從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。] 4．using　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作定語(yǔ)，the Chinese與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。] 5．hasexisted　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的since可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。] 6．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞的用法。come to an end是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“結(jié)束”。] 7．live/are living　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，所以可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。] 8．lucky　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞，故用形容詞形式。] 9．bravery　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處作介詞大寫(xiě)of的賓語(yǔ)，故用名詞形式。] 10．built　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作后置定語(yǔ)，the Great Wall與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。] 11．stressed　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是作表語(yǔ)，故用形容詞形式。] 12．but　[考查連詞的用法。句意為：大多數(shù)父母出發(fā)點(diǎn)是好的，但是他們的一些打算是沒(méi)有幫助的……。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折。] 13．a(chǎn)djusting　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞in后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。] 14．difficulties　[考查名詞的用法。名詞所有格后用名詞，根據(jù)該空前的their可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。] 15．competition　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。冠詞后接名詞。] 16．higher　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)上文的stronger可知，此處用比較級(jí)。] 17．the　[考查冠詞的用法。此處特指上文提到的變化。] 18．gently　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞ask。] 19．totake　[考查動(dòng)詞固定搭配。threaten to do sth.威脅做某事。] 20．what　[考查名詞性從句。句意為：他們決定他們的孩子怎樣處理生活。do with處理，與what連用。] 21．Staying/Tostay　22.easier　23.before　24.isstolen　25.with　26.yourself　27.which　28.an　29.unnecessary 30．succeed　31.themselves　32.longer　33.harmless　34.wore　35.an　36.or　37.especially　38.started　39.Although/Though/While　40.as 題組二 Ⅰ. 1．where　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為Beijing，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。] 2．growth　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。被形容詞economic修飾，作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，因此要用其名詞形式，故填growth。] 3．creating　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。汽車(chē)代替了自行車(chē)，導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的污染與糟糕的交通。故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果。] 4．Fortunately　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是副詞位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子。] 5．haveflooded/have been flooding　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“in the last two years.”，可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。] 6．for　[考查介詞的用法。句意為：……因?yàn)樗鼈兲峁┑撵`活和自由。介詞for在此的意思為“因?yàn)椤?。] 7．tofind　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞need。] 8．increasing　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。contribute to導(dǎo)致，to為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。] 9．worse　[考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意為：隨著城市人口的增長(zhǎng)，交通擁堵變得更糟，可知要用比較級(jí)。] 10．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞的用法。句意為：共享單車(chē)可以以一種環(huán)保的方式解決最后一英里的問(wèn)題。因此表示數(shù)量“一”，environmentally是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的，故填an。] 11．distance　12.automatically　13.wastold　14.tobargain　15.Unlike　16.it　17.with　18.hungry　19.as　20.a Ⅱ.參考范文 Anewresearchshowsthatstudentstrainoftencoexistswithteacherexhaustion.Students，whofindtheirrequirementsunsatisfiedasaresultofteachers’lowlevelmanagementoverclass，mayfeeloverwhelminglystressed.Conversely，teachers，whoencountergreatteachingchallengefromstudents，tendtobeburnedout.Therefore，moresufficientresourcesandsupporttoteachersshouldbeguaranteed，orstudentsarelikelytoberuined.