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寒假訓(xùn)練03 Unit 3 Life in the future 一、單詞拼寫(xiě) 1.What he said just now gave me a very deep i.I will never forgot it. 2.He is a naughty boy（不斷地）disturbing his classmates in class. 3.Animals in zoos are not living in their natural s . 4.The captain was always o,even when things were at their worst. 5.After fyour sea-belts tightly,we are landing shortly. 6.Generally speaking,fees in pschools are higher than those in public schools. 7.When you are in the supermarket please use the kind of bags that can be rso as to reduce pollution. 8.Lacking the mto study may be the most dangerous thing to a student. 9.It’s so loud and unpleasant outside that the working conditions are almost i. 10.These students came from the UK and they should make some（調(diào)整）to the new school. 二、單句改錯(cuò) 11.The school cannot tolerate to cheat in exams. _______________________________________________________________________________ 12.It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding. _______________________________________________________________________________ 13.The project has to be stopped for lack money. _______________________________________________________________________________ 14.We had to make switch in our arrangement. _______________________________________________________________________________ 15.The old man took over his story where he stopped last night. _______________________________________________________________________________ 16.Please remember to switch the lights as you leave the classroom. _______________________________________________________________________________ 17.Of all my teachers, Mr.Li is the one who impress me most. _______________________________________________________________________________ 18.The armchair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to sit. _______________________________________________________________________________ 19.Today the teacher took on the lesson where she left off last week. _______________________________________________________________________________ 20.Population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 million a year. _______________________________________________________________________________ 三、句子翻譯 21.在醫(yī)院待了六周以后，他終于恢復(fù)狀態(tài)并且開(kāi)始工作。（be back on one’s feet） _______________________________________________________________________________ 22.千年之后地球上的居民可能可以用生態(tài)系統(tǒng)來(lái)處理垃圾。（ecological system） _______________________________________________________________________________ 23.這條蛇是如此的貪婪，一口就吞掉了那只老鼠。（swallow up） _______________________________________________________________________________ 24.雖然缺錢(qián)他還是設(shè)法讓自己的妹妹去上學(xué)。（lack） _______________________________________________________________________________ 25.這本書(shū)對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)太難理解了。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 四、七選五 【2018年惠州市第二次調(diào)研】By 2025,water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short,nations cannot afford to waste it. 26 After we use water in our homes and businesses,it is washed away,and takes many valuable resources with it. Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients. 27 A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy,and produce“new water”that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems,polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it. 28 This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries,those living in small and mediumsized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks（化糞池）that lack regular and proper maintenance. Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land:on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild. This is not a dream project 29 A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries,they found that,depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland,up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water ___30 A.But that is exactly what we do. B.This can provide easy access to clean water. C.There is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water. D.A constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale. E.This would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping. F.If collected and treated properly,it could provide “new water”,fertilizer,and energy. G.Although waste water system in large cities are effective,the whole procedure usually costs much. 五、完形填空 【2018年成都外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三開(kāi)學(xué)考試】We were depressed and things were tough. Mom had a　31　time raising us on her own because Dad died five years ago. We relied on social assistance for　32　. Looking back, I　33　remember what Mom went through to send us to school. I studied hard then. Every morning, she would put a new piece of cardboard in our shoes because our shoes were　34　. Constant moving was typical for my family in these times. Rent was 25 dollars a month but Mom couldn’t　35　it. Though it was hard, we never　36　. Christmas was approaching. We were given 25 dollars for social services. Instead of buying food, Mom would use the money to pay the　37　, ensuring us all of a　38　over our head. ___39　we had nothing for Christmas. Unknown to Mom, I had been selling Christmas trees to earn enough money for a new pair of _40　. On the afternoon of Christmas Eve, I was　41　to go to catch the bus. As I reached the stop, I began to feel　42　. I was going to buy a new pair of boots　43__　Mom was at home in tears. My mind was　44　and I realized what I had to do. I didn’t get on the　45　. I went in a grocery store and bought the Christmas treats. I　46　home and put them quietly against the door. I knocked on the door. When Mom opened the door,　47　rolled into the house. She just stood there　48　. I managed to hold back the　49　, saying, "Merry Christmas, Mom! There really is a Santa Claus!" That day I got many　50　and kisses from Mom. It was a Merry Christmas for us after all! 31. A. good B. short C. hard D. funny 32. A. life B. travel C. nursery D. movement 33. A. hardly B. still C. yet D. then 34. A. handed over B. picked up C. turned over D. worn out 35. A. store B. afford C. make D. get 36. A. complained B. glanced C. envied D. calculated 37. A. decoration B. gifts C. rent D. clothes 38. A. cloud B. light C. roof D. window 39. A. And B. But C. Or D. So 40. A. glasses B. jeans C. boots D. socks 41. A. lucky B. concerned C. fearful D. excited 42. A. frightened B. guilty C. proud D. content 43. A. while B. because C. whether D. unless 44. A. woken up B. made up C. given away D. turned down 45. A. platform B. train C. bus D. plane 46. A. drove B. rang C. left D. rushed 47. A. balls B. shoes C. dollars D. things 48. A. surprised B. nervous C. disappointed D. painful 49. A. words B. trouble C. tears D. sweat 50. A. candies B. hugs C. awards D. creams  寒假訓(xùn)練03 Unit 3 Life in the future 一、單詞拼寫(xiě) 【答案】 1. impression 2. constantly 3.surroundings 4.optimistic 5.fastening 6.private 7.recycled 8.motivation9.intolerable 10.adjustments 【解析】 1.句意：他剛剛說(shuō)的話給我留下了一個(gè)很深的印象，我永生難忘。根據(jù)空前的deep形容詞可知后面接名詞，故填impression。 2.句意：他是一個(gè)淘氣的男孩，在課堂上不斷地打擾他的同桌。 3.句意：動(dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物們不能生活在它們的自然環(huán)境里。 4.句意：這個(gè)船長(zhǎng)在任何時(shí)候都保持樂(lè)觀，哪怕是事情到了最糟糕的時(shí)候。 5.句意：請(qǐng)系緊你們的安全帶，我們馬上就要著陸了?？涨癮fter是介詞，故用ing形式。 6.句意：總的來(lái)說(shuō)，私辦學(xué)校的學(xué)費(fèi)要比公辦學(xué)校的高。 7.句意：為了減少污染，逛超市的時(shí)候請(qǐng)用可以循環(huán)利用的袋子購(gòu)物。根據(jù)空前的be可知這里要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 8.句意：對(duì)于一個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)最危險(xiǎn)的事莫過(guò)于缺乏學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力。 9.句意：外面如此吵鬧以至于這樣的工作環(huán)境幾乎不能容忍。 10.句意：這些學(xué)生來(lái)自英國(guó)，他們需要做些調(diào)整來(lái)適應(yīng)新學(xué)校。根據(jù)空前的some可知接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 【答案】 11.to cheat改為cheating 12. surrounding改為surroundings 13. lack后加of 14. make后加a或switch改為switches 15.over改為up. 16.as改為when 17.impress 改為impresses 18.sit后加in 19.on改為up 20.constantly改為constant 【解析】 11.tolerate doing sth.忍受繼續(xù)做某事，為固定用法，故此處to cheat應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。 12.surrounding“環(huán)境，周?chē)挛铩?，一般用作?fù)數(shù)形式，故此處應(yīng)改為復(fù)數(shù)形式。 13.lack“缺少，缺乏”，是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要在lack后加of。 14.switch轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換，在此處是名詞，且是可數(shù)名詞，故其前需要有不定冠詞a或者將其變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。 15.句意：這個(gè)老人從他昨晚停下來(lái)的地方開(kāi)始接著講他的故事了。take up“占據(jù)；從事；繼續(xù)（中斷的話）；接受”，由句意可知正確答案。 16.本題是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用when來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 17.考查主謂一致。本句為定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞who 指代先行詞the one，在該從句中作主語(yǔ)，故此處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，故用impresses。 18.考查固定搭配，sit是不及物動(dòng)詞，后加in，相當(dāng)于sit in the armchair。句意：扶手椅看起來(lái)很硬，但實(shí)際上坐起來(lái)很舒服。 19. take up占用；開(kāi)始從事；接受（提議）；繼續(xù)；把…接著進(jìn)行下去。本題句子表達(dá)的意思是“休息一會(huì)兒后，老師從她剛剛中斷的地方繼續(xù)上課”。 20.在 “keep sb/ sth adj”結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 三、句子翻譯 【答案】 21. After six weeks in hospital, he was back on his feet and ready to start work. 22. One thousand years in the future, citizens of the earth may be able to dispose of their rubbish using an ecological system. 23.The snake was so greedy that it swallow up the rat in one bite. 24.He managed to send his sister to school though he lacked money。 25.The book is too difficult for these students to take in。 四、七選五 【語(yǔ)篇解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文主要介紹了當(dāng)前世界水資源的現(xiàn)狀以及有效利用水資源的方法。 【答案】26-30 AFGDE 【解析】 26.上文說(shuō)在水資源短缺的大環(huán)境下，很多國(guó)家不能承擔(dān)浪費(fèi)的后果，下文說(shuō)我們用完水后，就直接把水沖走。根據(jù)上下文可知，A項(xiàng)“但是那正是我們所做的”與此處匹配，起承上啟下作用，故選A。 27.上文說(shuō)廢水富含碳元素和養(yǎng)分，而F項(xiàng)說(shuō)如果收集和處理得當(dāng)，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成語(yǔ)義上的銜接，故選F。 28.下文講述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的廢水處理系統(tǒng)缺乏常規(guī)和合適的維護(hù)，而G項(xiàng)提到大城市的廢水處理系統(tǒng)有效但成本高，與本段內(nèi)容吻合，故選G。 29.上文提到在這些小城市建造濕地環(huán)境的設(shè)想，下文提到已經(jīng)有科學(xué)家在研究建造的濕地環(huán)境的潛力了，由此可知，D項(xiàng)“建造的濕地環(huán)境已經(jīng)在小范圍的實(shí)踐中了”符合語(yǔ)境。 30.上文講述的是這種解決方案的另一種好處是人們可以用廢水灌溉農(nóng)田，而E說(shuō)這可以減少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后語(yǔ)義銜接，故選E。 五、完形填空 【語(yǔ)篇解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者父親去世，母親獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)他們很困難，依靠社會(huì)救助生活。一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)，母親用僅有的錢(qián)付了房租，一家人圣誕節(jié)什么也沒(méi)有。作者賣(mài)圣誕樹(shù)賺了買(mǎi)新靴子的錢(qián)，但是在去買(mǎi)靴子的路上，想到媽媽在家里流淚，作者沒(méi)有買(mǎi)靴子而是為家人買(mǎi)了圣誕節(jié)的食物，一家人過(guò)了一個(gè)快樂(lè)的圣誕節(jié)。 【答案】31-35CABDB 36-40ACCDC 41-45DBABC 46-50DDACB 【解析】 31.考查形容詞辨析。A.good好的；B.short短的；C.hard艱難的；D.funny滑稽可笑的。根據(jù)上文“things were tough”和下文“because Dad died five years ago”可推斷，媽媽獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)我們很困難?！癶ave a hard time doing sth.”做某事很困難。故選C。 32.考查名詞辨析。A. life生活；B. travel旅行；C. nursery托兒所；D. movement運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文可知，媽媽獨(dú)自一人養(yǎng)活我們很困難，因此推斷我們依靠社會(huì)援助生活。故選A。 33.考查副詞辨析。A. hardly幾乎不；B. still仍舊；C. yet然而；D. then后來(lái)。根據(jù)上文媽媽努力撫養(yǎng)我們很困難，我們依靠社會(huì)援助生活推斷，回憶起來(lái)，我仍舊記得媽媽經(jīng)歷了什么送我們上學(xué)。故選B。 34.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. handed over移交；B. picked up拾起；C. turned over翻轉(zhuǎn)；D. worn out破損的。根據(jù)上文“put a new piece of cardboard”可推斷，媽媽每天上午總是放一張新的硬紙板在我們的鞋里因?yàn)槲覀兊男瞧频?。故選D。 35.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. store儲(chǔ)存；B. afford買(mǎi)得起；C. make制作；D. get得到。根據(jù)上文“Constant moving was typical for my family in these times.”可推斷，我們不斷搬家，一個(gè)月25美元的租金，但是媽媽付不起。故選B。 36.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. complained抱怨；B. glanced瞥一眼； C. envied嫉妒；D. calculated計(jì)算。根據(jù)連詞though推斷上下文是讓步關(guān)系。盡管日子艱難，但是我們從不抱怨。故選A。 37.考查名詞辨析。A.decoration裝飾；B.gifts禮物；C.rent租金；D.clothes衣服。根據(jù)下文over our head可推斷，媽媽沒(méi)有買(mǎi)食物，用這些錢(qián)付了租金，確保我們大家頭上有屋頂，也就是有房住。故選C。 38.考查名詞辨析。A. cloud云；B. light光；C. roof屋頂；D. window窗戶。解析同上。媽媽沒(méi)有買(mǎi)食物，用這些錢(qián)付了租金，確保我們大家頭頂上有屋頂。故選C。 39.考查連詞辨析。A. And和；B. But但是；C. Or或者；D. So因此。根據(jù)上文可知，我們用社會(huì)補(bǔ)助的錢(qián)交了房租，因此我們圣誕節(jié)一無(wú)所有。前后是因果關(guān)系。故選D。 40.考查名詞辨析。A. glasses眼鏡；B. jeans牛仔褲；C. boots靴子；D. socks短襪。根據(jù)上文所說(shuō)的鞋子穿破了又加上“a new pair of boots”可知，我一直賣(mài)圣誕樹(shù)，賺夠了賣(mài)一雙新靴子的錢(qián)。故選C。 41.考查形容詞辨析。A. lucky幸運(yùn)的；B. concerned關(guān)心的；C. fearful擔(dān)心的；D. excited興奮的。圣誕節(jié)前夕的下午，我興奮地去趕公共汽車(chē)。根據(jù)上下文可知，作者賺夠了買(mǎi)靴子的錢(qián)，準(zhǔn)備去買(mǎi)靴子，因此是興奮的。故選D。 42.考查形容詞辨析。A. frightened害怕的；B. guilty有罪的；內(nèi)疚的；C. proud驕傲的；D. content滿意的。根據(jù)下文“I was going to buy a new pair of bootsMom was at home in tears.”可知，我打算買(mǎi)靴子，而媽媽在家里流淚，因此推斷我感到內(nèi)疚。故選B。 43.考查連詞辨析。A. while然而；B. because因?yàn)?；C. whether是否；D. unless除非。我高興地買(mǎi)靴子和媽媽在家里流淚是對(duì)比關(guān)系。while表示對(duì)比。故選A。 44.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. woken up喚醒；B. made up下決心；C. given away泄露；D. turned down拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Mom was at home in tears”和下文“I realized what I had to do”可推斷，作者下定決心，意識(shí)到自己要為家庭做點(diǎn)事。make up one’s mind“下定決心”。故選B。 45.考查名詞辨析。A. platform平臺(tái)；B. train火車(chē)；C. bus公共汽車(chē)；D. plane飛機(jī)。根據(jù)上文“go to catch the bus”可知，我沒(méi)有坐公共汽車(chē)去買(mǎi)靴子。故選C。 46.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. drove開(kāi)車(chē)；B. rang按鈴，敲鐘；C. left離開(kāi)；D. rushed沖，奔。根據(jù)下文“put them quietly against the door”可推斷，我急沖回家，把圣誕節(jié)食物靜靜地靠在門(mén)上。故選D。 47.考查名詞辨析。A. balls球；B. shoes鞋子；C. dollars美元；D. things東西。根據(jù)上文put them quietly against the door可推斷，我把圣誕節(jié)的食物倚在門(mén)上，當(dāng)媽媽開(kāi)了門(mén)，東西滾進(jìn)房?jī)?nèi)。故選D。 48.考查形容詞辨析。A. surprised吃驚的；B. nervous緊張的；C. disappointed失望的；D. painful痛苦的。媽媽看到有東西滾進(jìn)房子，感到吃驚。故A。 49.考查名詞辨析。A.words話語(yǔ)；B.trouble麻煩；C.tears眼淚；D.sweat汗水。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者給了媽媽一個(gè)驚喜，感到激動(dòng)，因此推斷作者努力控制住自己淚水。對(duì)媽媽說(shuō)：圣誕快樂(lè)，媽媽!真的有圣誕老人。故選C。 50.考查名詞辨析。A. candies甜點(diǎn)；B. hugs擁抱；C. awards獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D. creams冰激凌。根據(jù)上文可知，我為家里買(mǎi)了圣誕節(jié)的食物，因此那天我得到來(lái)自家人的很多擁抱以及媽媽的吻。故選B。