摘 要焊接變位機是一種焊接輔助設備，它與焊接操作機、焊接滾輪架并稱為焊接輔助設備中三大機。焊接變位機是應焊接行業(yè)的機械化、自動化發(fā)展需要而產生的。焊接變位機作為一種焊接配套設備，用于管子橫向對接焊接，管子與法蘭內外環(huán)縫焊接，管子對管子全位置焊接。焊接變位機可水平翻轉角度，通過工作臺的回轉及翻轉運動使工件上焊縫處于最理想的位置進行焊接，從而大大提高焊縫質量，減輕焊工勞動強度，尤其是適合焊接各種軸類、盤類、筒體等回轉工件的理想設備。本設計分析了解國內外焊接變位機的發(fā)展狀況、以及焊接變位機在焊接機器人中的應用，設計了一種 60 噸座式焊接變位機。主要內容是關于焊接時機械的回轉翻轉的控制、電機的選擇、減速器的選擇、各個軸和齒輪軸承的確定以及校核等等。設計的具體過程是根據預定的載荷和要求的焊接速度從而確定設備所需要的電機類型，包括:電機的轉速、額定功率、電壓電流等，在此基礎上計算軸的尺寸和相應配件的型號，并且對其進行相關的強度、使用壽命等的校核，然后對一些外購件也進行選擇。選用的方法主要是機械設計的相關知識，使用到的有材料力學，CAD 等。關鍵詞： 焊接變位機； 機械設計； 焊接輔機AbstractWelding positioner is a kind of welding auxiliary equipment, it was known as the three planes in welding auxiliary equipment with welding manipulator, welding roller bed. Welding positioner was designed with the development of welding industry mechanization, and automation. As a welding auxiliary machine, welding positioner was used in pipe′s landscape orientation welding, pipe and flange′s inside and outside central linking welding, pipe welding in all location. Though the gyration and retroflexion of the workbench, the welding positioner can make the welding line to an ideal position, which can improve the quality of the welded joint, reduce welder’s workload. It is ideal equipment especially fit to weld the kinds of workpiece, just like the shaft, tray, canister, and so on.By understanding the welding positioner′ s development in domestic and overseas, and the positioner used in welding robot is described in the paper. A block 60 ton s of welding positioner is designed.Mainly on the subject of welding ,mechanical rotation turnover of control, the electrical options, reducer selection, various axle and the wheel bearings and determine accuracy ,and so on.The design process is based on specific target load and speed requirements of welding equipment to determine the type of electrical needs, including: the rotational speed electrical, rated power, voltage, current and on the basis of the calculation of axle size and corresponding accessories models, and their associated intensity, and the useful life of accuracy, then for some purchases were also chosen. The method chosen mainly mechanical design relevant knowledge, the use of the material mechanics, CAD.Key words: welding conjugation mechanical; mechanical design; welding auxiliary machine.目 錄摘 要 .IIIABSTRACT IV目 錄 .V1 緒論 .11.1 立題依據 .11.2 焊接輔機的作用和分類 .11.3 焊接變位機的功能及結構形式 .22.1 設計的基本參數 .42.2 變位機的總體方案設計 .42.3 驅動系統(tǒng)方案 .42.3.1 工作臺回轉方案 42.3.2 工作臺翻轉方案 42.4 導電裝置方案 .53 回轉機構設計 .63.1 工作臺回轉機構 .63.2 回轉支承的選擇 .63.2.1 回轉系統(tǒng)承載的總重量 .63.2.2 計算回轉支承的最大傾覆力矩 73.2.3 齒輪 1 的參數（即與回轉支承嚙合的小齒輪） 83.3 選擇工作臺的回轉電機 .103.4 減速器的選擇 .114 工作臺傾斜機構設計 .124.1 傾斜機構 .124.2 選擇傾斜機構的電機 .124.3 蝸桿減速器 .134.3.1 蝸桿和蝸輪的設計 144.3.2 蝸桿軸和蝸輪軸的初步設計 164.4 扇形齒輪傳動設計 164.5 傾斜機構中軸的設計 .194.5.1 傾斜軸的最小直徑 194.5.2 翻轉小齒輪軸的最小直徑 244.6 聯軸器的選用計算 .274.6.1 減速器與減速器之間的聯軸器 274.7 軸承的選用和校核 .275 安裝調試與操作使用 .295.1 安裝 .295.2 調試與檢測 .295.3 操作與使用 .296 結論與展望 .306.1 結論 306.2 不足之處及未來展望 30致謝 .31參考文獻 .32