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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型技法指導(dǎo)專題二 完形填空 真題試做 (xx山東高考) Whenever we hear about“the homeless，”most of us think of the Developing World.But the __36__ is that homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a __37__ country like Germany? Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making __38__ for the homeless of Berlin，Germanys capital.They first __39__ one long hot summer when most Germans were __40__ on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches，__41__ a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. The Mullers soon realised that food and clothing werent __42__.“What these people also need is warmth and __43__，”says Rita.The Mullers didnt __44__ to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.Rita __45__ there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always __46__ to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street. The couple were soon __47__ all their time and money，so Kurt visited food and clothing panies to __48__ donations.Today，over thirty panies __49__ donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to __50__ them to the homeless.The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer __51__ new shoes. Kurt and Rita receive no __52__ for their hard work.“We feel like parents，”says Rita，“and parents shouldnt __53__ money for helping their children.The love we get on the streets is our salary.”Though Rita admits she often gets __54__，she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a __55__ in the world. 36．A.result　　　　　　　B．truth C．reason D．idea 37．A.traditional B．developing C．typical D．wealthy 38．A.preparations B．houses C．meals D．suggestions 39．A.began B．met C．called D．left 40．A.asleep B．a(chǎn)lone C．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)way 41．A.brought up B．set up C．put aside D．gave away 42．A.enough B．necessary C．helpful D．expensive 43．A.fame B．freedom C．courage D．caring 44．A.hesitate B．a(chǎn)gree C．pretend D．intend 45．A.made sense B．found out C．made sure D．worked out 46．A.open B．crowded C．noisy D．near 47．A.costing B．wasting C．taking D．spending 48．A.pay for B．a(chǎn)sk for C．look into D．carry out 49．Apletely B．calmly C．regularly D．roughly 50．A.advertise B．sell C．deliver D．lend 51．A.donates B．produces C．designs D．collects 52．A.permission B．payment C．direction D．support 53．A.borrow B．raise C．save D．expect 54．A.surprised B．excited C．tired D．a(chǎn)mused 55．A.profit B．difference C．decision D．rule 專題二　完形填空　第二部分　題型技法指導(dǎo)考向分析 山東近5年高考完形填空統(tǒng)計(jì)： 年份 xx xx xx xx xx 體裁 夾敘夾議文 記敘文 記敘文 夾敘夾議文 記敘文 題材 講述了作者遭遇暴風(fēng)雨而歷經(jīng)艱辛堅(jiān)持去上班，然后收到了經(jīng)理的一封表示感激的電子信件，使作者感悟到幾句簡(jiǎn)短的話語(yǔ)可以使人精神煥發(fā)。 講述了發(fā)生在一位學(xué)生和老師之間的愛(ài)心故事。通過(guò)老師對(duì)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)變、學(xué)生送給老師一個(gè)裝滿愛(ài)的盒子，體現(xiàn)了濃濃的愛(ài)意和師生情意。 講述了作者小時(shí)候參加舞蹈演出的一次難忘經(jīng)歷。表演之前作者充滿信心，但在表演過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了失誤，是老師的教誨使她努力面帶笑容順利完成了剩余的動(dòng)作。 講述了作者八歲時(shí)第一次聽(tīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)搖滾音樂(lè)會(huì)的經(jīng)歷和感受。從此他成為了那個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)粉絲，并走進(jìn)了其他音樂(lè)，但是再聽(tīng)這個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)的樂(lè)曲時(shí)又會(huì)回憶起那場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)的情境。 講述了一對(duì)德國(guó)夫婦為了幫助無(wú)家可歸的人所付出的努力，并借主人公之口表達(dá)了作者的感受：給予愛(ài)，也收獲愛(ài)，這非常有意義。 段數(shù) 6 6 4 4 5 詞數(shù) 334 309 323 306 285 考點(diǎn) 動(dòng)詞 8 8 9 11 8 名詞 6 5 6 6 5 形容詞 3 3 3 2 5 副詞 1 2 1 1 2 連詞 1 1 1 介詞 1 1 1．選材以記敘文為主，內(nèi)容兼有教育性和啟迪性。 從體裁上看，完形填空題以記敘為主，議論為輔，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用詞準(zhǔn)確，篇章條理清晰，敘事通暢明了。從題材上看，完形填空力圖選取一篇有教育意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的文章，主題明確，邏輯性強(qiáng)，語(yǔ)言地道生動(dòng)，內(nèi)容新穎、時(shí)尚，內(nèi)容通常涉及日常生活、文史知識(shí)、科技小品、社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人物傳記等。 2．首句一般不設(shè)空，全文保持一定的挖空密度。 完形填空的第一句一般都是完整的句子，記敘文的第一句通常把短文中故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等交代清楚，作為考生在解題時(shí)理解并掌握全文大意的基礎(chǔ)。很多時(shí)候議論文和說(shuō)明文的第一句是文章的主題句，抓住主題句便抓住了文章的主旨。 空格在短文中均衡分布。相鄰空格之間間隔適當(dāng)，避免了提示信息過(guò)多或過(guò)少的情況。 3．以語(yǔ)篇考查為主，單純語(yǔ)法考查很少。 完形填空題以語(yǔ)篇為載體，立足于考生對(duì)全文的理解。試題注重考查考生結(jié)合詞匯、語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)篇知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、文化背景知識(shí)等進(jìn)行邏輯推理和綜合判斷的能力，而非簡(jiǎn)單考查其詞匯使用和單句語(yǔ)法及意義方面的知識(shí)。在干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)計(jì)上，充分考慮了測(cè)試的信度與效度，避免了干擾項(xiàng)與正確項(xiàng)相似度過(guò)低或過(guò)高而引起的干擾性過(guò)弱或過(guò)強(qiáng)的情況。 單純考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的題目數(shù)量很少，重在文意干擾，每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多屬同一語(yǔ)法范疇。如果是動(dòng)詞，則都是動(dòng)詞，且都用同樣的時(shí)態(tài)或語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果是名詞，則都是名詞，且都用同樣的單復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果是副詞，則都是副詞；如果是短語(yǔ)，則都是同類的短語(yǔ)。如果孤立地看挖空的句子，可能每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能滿足句子的需要，無(wú)論將哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)填進(jìn)去，從語(yǔ)法上講都是正確的，但是要確定正確答案，只能根據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容和情節(jié)發(fā)展作出判斷。如(xx山東高考) 37．A.traditional　　　　　　 B．developing C．typical D．wealthy 38．A.preparations B．houses C．meals D．suggestions 39．A.began B．met C．called D．left 41．A.brought up B．set up C．put aside D．gave away 49．Apletely B．calmly C．regularly D．roughly 4．考點(diǎn)分布合理。以考查單詞為主，短語(yǔ)或詞組為輔；以考查實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔。 完形填空備選項(xiàng)的構(gòu)成以單個(gè)詞為主，短語(yǔ)或詞組較少出現(xiàn)。近5年山東卷考查短語(yǔ)的題目：xx年沒(méi)有；xx年1個(gè)；xx年2個(gè)；xx年1個(gè)；xx年3個(gè)。 選項(xiàng)詞匯主要是實(shí)詞，虛詞較少出現(xiàn)。近5年山東卷考查的詞匯主要是動(dòng)詞和名詞，其次是形容詞和副詞；對(duì)連詞、介詞等虛詞的考查知識(shí)偶爾出現(xiàn)。 這樣的設(shè)置既要求考生具有很好的詞感，能熟練運(yùn)用所學(xué)過(guò)的常見(jiàn)詞匯，還要求他們具有較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)感，具有對(duì)語(yǔ)篇進(jìn)行整體處理的能力。做到“上下求索尋信息，左顧右盼找答案，瞻前顧后想全文”，同時(shí)結(jié)合考生個(gè)人積累的各方面的知識(shí)正確解讀全文。 答題步驟 做完形填空試題，切忌邊看短文，邊選答案，因?yàn)檫@樣解題易脫離上下文孤立地看句子，從而產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，解答完形填空題應(yīng)遵循以下三個(gè)步驟。 1．略讀全文，把握大意。 文章都有中心議題和中心內(nèi)容。通讀全文，才能全局在胸、弄清文脈、理清思路，才能抓住文章主旨，獲得整體印象，把握短文大意，使思維朝著正確的方向發(fā)展。在閱讀中要特別注意提示句，并盡量記憶關(guān)鍵詞、句，力求把文章內(nèi)容串連起來(lái)。 2．細(xì)讀全文，初選試填。 在理解全文大意的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合所給備選項(xiàng)細(xì)讀全文，遵循詞不離句、句不離文的原則，聯(lián)系上下文內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用平時(shí)積累的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)義、邏輯和搭配的需要進(jìn)行綜合考慮，通過(guò)分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項(xiàng)，初步選定答案。 在作出選擇的過(guò)程中，要瞻前顧后，通篇考慮，先易后難。對(duì)比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先進(jìn)行確定。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，可暫定答案，在復(fù)讀全文后分析推敲。 3．復(fù)讀全文，校核答案。 完成選擇后，要把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認(rèn)真復(fù)查。完成后的文章應(yīng)該文意完整、語(yǔ)法正確、語(yǔ)言通順、用詞恰當(dāng)、邏輯合理、符合習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤或有疑問(wèn)的答案，應(yīng)再次推敲、反復(fù)斟酌、做出修正。 技法指導(dǎo) 1．依據(jù)文章首句，判斷主旨大意。 依據(jù)文章首句所給的線索可以看出文章的體裁，判斷主旨大意，掌握作者的寫作思路及其對(duì)某人或某事物的感情色彩。只有掌握了主旨大意，理清了文章結(jié)構(gòu)，了解了各部分之間的關(guān)系，才能加深對(duì)文章的整體理解。換句話說(shuō)，考生應(yīng)對(duì)全文有一個(gè)清晰的概念，明白文章的各部分都是為了表達(dá)同一個(gè)主題，這樣在略讀時(shí)就更容易把握含空格的句子的真正含義，答題時(shí)就會(huì)顯得輕而易舉了。如：(xx山東高考) Whenever we hear about “the homeless，” most of us think of the Developing World. 剖析：閱讀文章首句可知，這是一篇記敘文，作者講述的話題與“無(wú)家可歸者”有關(guān)。 2．根據(jù)文章大意，把握上下文的關(guān)系。 做完形填空題不能離開(kāi)上下文。很多題僅從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)說(shuō)，可能有兩三個(gè)正確答案，但是結(jié)合上下文，情況就不一樣了。上下文是形成語(yǔ)境的基礎(chǔ)，任何語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)法關(guān)系、詞語(yǔ)搭配都不能無(wú)視上下文的聯(lián)系。做題時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)瞻前顧后，要做到詞不離句、句不離段、段不離文。有時(shí)我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，上文的答案在下文有提示，而下文的答案在上文中也有信息。如：(xx山東高考) Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making __38__ for the homeless of Berlin，Germanys capital. 38．A.preparations　　　　　 B．houses C．meals D．suggestions 剖析：C　僅從第38個(gè)空所在句子來(lái)理解，馬勒夫婦為無(wú)家可歸者“建造房屋”似乎更合適，表達(dá)為“做準(zhǔn)備”或“提建議”也未嘗不可，但是根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的made sandwiches和gave food to the homeless可知，他們是為無(wú)家可歸的人提供膳食。 3．根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境，進(jìn)行詞義辨析。 完形填空的命題特點(diǎn)之一就是利用詞匯辨析知識(shí)命題，而且占了整篇文章題目的絕大部分。首先要準(zhǔn)確把握詞匯的意思和用法以及不同語(yǔ)境中的變化，仔細(xì)辨析相似、相近詞語(yǔ)的詞義，特別注意詞語(yǔ)的固定搭配以及詞匯的引申意義。如：(xx山東高考) For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a __37__ country like Germany? 37．A.traditional B．developing C．typical D．wealthy 剖析：D　traditional意為“傳統(tǒng)的”；developing意為“發(fā)展中的”；typical意為“典型的，有代表性的”；wealthy意為“富裕的”。此處通過(guò)實(shí)例來(lái)說(shuō)明上一句的觀點(diǎn)，結(jié)合后面的like Germany判斷應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)表示“一個(gè)富裕的國(guó)家”。 Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches，__41__ a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. 41．A.brought up B．set up C．put aside D．gave away 剖析：B　bring up意為“提出，養(yǎng)育”； set up意為“建立，安裝；臨時(shí)搭起”；put aside意為“把……放在一邊，儲(chǔ)存……備用”；give away意為“捐贈(zèng)，泄露”。根據(jù)前后句的語(yǔ)境判斷應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)，表示“他們?cè)诮稚习卜抛雷印薄? 4．體會(huì)文章的色彩，注意語(yǔ)言的和諧。 作者對(duì)完形填空文章賦予了一定的感情色彩。首先要理解作者說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣和文章的感情色彩，這種語(yǔ)氣和色彩是和諧一致的，而且貫穿全文的。做題時(shí)要充分體會(huì)上下文語(yǔ)言的和諧性，理解文章的深層含義。如：(xx山東高考) The Mullers soon realised that food and clothing werent __42__.“What these people also need is warmth and __43__，” says Rita.The Mullers didnt __44__ to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. 42．A.enough B．necessary C．helpful D．expensive 剖析：A　根據(jù)下句also need判斷應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)，表示馬勒夫婦很快意識(shí)到僅僅提供衣物是不“夠”的。 43．A.fame B．freedom C．courage D．caring 剖析：D　無(wú)家可歸者不僅需要食物，也需要溫暖和“關(guān)心”。 44．A.hesitate B．a(chǎn)gree C．pretend D．intend 剖析：A　從全文看出，馬勒夫婦竭盡全力幫助無(wú)家可歸者，所以選A項(xiàng)，表示“毫不猶豫地做某事”。 5．把握文章脈絡(luò)，進(jìn)行推理判斷。 在完形填空題中常常要對(duì)文章的情節(jié)、作者的態(tài)度等進(jìn)行推理判斷。因此首先要抓住文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清楚文章的結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。只有這樣，才能加深對(duì)文章深層意義的理解，從而更好地完成“完形”的任務(wù)，恢復(fù)文章的原貌。如：(xx山東高考) Kurt and Rita receive no __52__ for their hard work.“We feel like parents，” says Rita，“and parents shouldnt __53__ money for helping their children. 52．A.permission B．payment C．direction D．support 剖析：B　全文講述了馬勒夫婦為無(wú)家可歸者所做的無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)，表示“他們的努力工作沒(méi)有任何報(bào)酬”。 53．A.borrow B．raise C．save D．expect 剖析：D　父母幫助孩子是不期望得到報(bào)酬的，所以expect符合文意。 誤區(qū)警示 1．文章大意易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) (xx山東高考) Though Rita admits she often gets tired，she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a __55__ in the world. 55．A.profit B．difference C．decision D．rule 【錯(cuò)混透析】 B　文章的主題是在頌揚(yáng)馬勒夫婦的善舉，他們對(duì)無(wú)家可歸者提供無(wú)私幫助，并且不計(jì)回報(bào)，所以應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)表示他們的行為改變了世界，也使他們的生活變得更有意義。 【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生易忽視文章大意。應(yīng)該在把握文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行總體了解，避免做了后面的題目后才發(fā)現(xiàn)和前面的內(nèi)容沖突或矛盾。 2．情感態(tài)度易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) (xx山東高考) Rita __45__ there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always __46__ to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street. 45．A.made sense B．found out C．made sure D．worked out 【錯(cuò)混透析】C　為了能給無(wú)家可歸者隨時(shí)提供幫助，馬勒夫婦把電話號(hào)碼給他們，當(dāng)然需要電話能隨時(shí)接通，所以應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)表示“確?！薄? 46．A.open B．crowded C．noisy D．near 【錯(cuò)混透析】A　為了體現(xiàn)馬勒夫婦的真誠(chéng)，他們家總是為那些無(wú)家可歸者敞開(kāi)著。故本題選A項(xiàng)。 【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生往往忽略作者的情感態(tài)度，錯(cuò)誤地理解文章意思。要善于透過(guò)文章的表層含義，剖析作者的內(nèi)心世界，帶著作者真實(shí)的情感態(tài)度去做題。 3．上下文關(guān)系易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) (xx山東高考) The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer __51__ new shoes. 51．A.donates B．produces C．designs D．collects 【錯(cuò)混透析】A　上文講述了30多家公司定期地為慈善事業(yè)捐贈(zèng)食物和其他物品，所以此處也應(yīng)選表示“捐贈(zèng)”之意的A項(xiàng)。 【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，考生往往只拘泥于個(gè)別詞句的意思，忽視整篇文章的語(yǔ)境和上下文的聯(lián)系，從而造成失誤。在選擇答案時(shí)不要只注意選項(xiàng)所在的短語(yǔ)、句子或段落，要善于從上下文中尋找相關(guān)的提示信息。 4．邏輯關(guān)系易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) (xx山東高考) Whenever we hear about “the homeless，” most of us think of the Developing World.But the __36__ is that homelessness is everywhere. 36．A.result B．truth C．reason D．idea 【錯(cuò)混透析】B　文章第一句講到了大多數(shù)人的想法，“But”轉(zhuǎn)折后肯定要表達(dá)不同的觀點(diǎn)，所以選B項(xiàng)，說(shuō)明事實(shí)情況并非大多數(shù)人想象的那樣。 【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，要合理理解文章的內(nèi)容，正確地把握邏輯關(guān)系。邏輯關(guān)系主要涉及原因、時(shí)間、條件、轉(zhuǎn)折等方面。只要我們弄明白文中關(guān)鍵詞以及邏輯關(guān)系，就能確定比較明確的、直接的答案。 5．基本常識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) (xx山東高考) They first began one long hot summer when most Germans were __40__ on holiday. 40．A.asleep B．a(chǎn)lone C．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)way 【錯(cuò)混透析】D　“度假”當(dāng)然要“外出”，這是常理，所以選D項(xiàng)。 (xx山東高考) Today，over thirty panies regularly donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to __50__ them to the homeless. 50．A.advertise B．sell C．deliver D．lend 【錯(cuò)混透析】C　既然是幫助無(wú)家可歸者，那么志愿者對(duì)這些物品“做廣告”、“出售”或“借出去”顯然不合常理，所以應(yīng)選deliver，表示“運(yùn)送，送給”。 【解題指導(dǎo)】做這類題時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該在了解短文主要意思的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合基本常識(shí)進(jìn)行解題。平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中，應(yīng)當(dāng)注意知識(shí)的積累，加強(qiáng)不同學(xué)科間的知識(shí)融合。多閱讀，多體會(huì)，注意中西文化的差異，掌握一名合格的中學(xué)生應(yīng)具備的基本常識(shí)。 1 You have waited 45 minutes for the valuable 10 minutes break between classes.But when the bell for the next class rings，you cant __1__ how quickly time has passed. If you are familiar with this __2__，youll know how time flies when you are having fun—and __3__ when you are bored.Now scientists have __4__ a reason why this is the case. Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain __5__ according to how we focus on a task.When we are __6__，we concentrate more on how time is passing.And this makes our brains __7__ the clock is ticking more slowly. In an experiment __8__ by a French laboratory,12 volunteers watched an image __9__ researchers monitored their brain activity. The volunteers were told to __10__ concentrate on how long an image appeared for，then __11__ the color of the image，and thirdly，study both duration and color.The results showed that __12__ was more active when the volunteers paid __13__ subjects. It is thought that if the brain is __14__ focusing on many aspects of a task，it has to __15__ its resources，and pays less attention to the clock.__16__，time passes without us really __17__ it，and seems to go quickly.If the brain is not so active，it concentrates its __18__ energies on monitoring the passing of time.__19__，time seems to drag. Next time you feel bored __20__，perhaps you should pay more attention to what the teacher is saying! 1．A.guess　　　　　　 B．learn C．believe D．doubt 2．A.view B．point C．scene D．experience 3．A.drags B．stops C．backs D．gains 4．A.thought over B．made up C．suggested D．e up with 5．A.change B．develop C．grow D．slow 6．A.sleepy B．bored C．excited D．a(chǎn)ctive 7．A.report B．think C．decide D．see 8．A.produced B．carried C．tried D．performed 9．A.so B．when C．while D．but 10．A.partly B．quickly C．pletely D．first 11．A.remember B．focus on C．forget D．tell apart 12．A.the researchers B．the experiment C．the clock D．the brain 13．A.much attention to B．more attention to C．a(chǎn)ttention to many D．a(chǎn)ttention to more 14．A.busy B．likely C．ready D．sure 15．A.focus B．gather C．reach D．spread 16．A.However B．Furthermore C．Therefore D．Finally 17．A.recognizing B．watching C．noticing D．counting 18．A.enough B．full C．right D．proper 19．A.In fact B．As a result C．For example D．Instead 20．A.in class B．with work C．in mind D．of clock 2 Many children may be fond of animals，but few ever think of making the study of animals their career.Even fewer will be __1__ by the whole world，__2__ the title of United Nations Messenger(使者)of Peace. __3__ one woman has achieved all that.She has lived with chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the African forest for more than 20 years and made great __4__.This woman is Jane Goodall.She was born in London，England，in 1934.Goodalls lifelong __5__ in animals began at an early age.By the age of 10 or 11，Goodall __6__ going to Africa to live with animals.This was quite a strange dream in those days，as young __7__ didnt think of having such “wild” actions.But she was __8__ by her mother.She told her that if she really wanted something，she should work hard，take advantage of __9__ and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957，she readily __10__.Within a few months of her arrival she met the famous anthropologist(人類學(xué)家)Dr.Louis Leakey，who soon decided that Goodall was the __11__ person he was looking for to begin a __12__ of wild chimpanzees on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In July 1960，Goodall arrived at be National Park in Tanzania.At the beginning，studying the chimpanzees was not __13__ for her.The animals fled from her __14__，so it took months for her to get close to them.With a strong __15__，she searched the forest every day，trying not to get too close to the chimpanzees too __16__.Gradually the chimpanzees became used to her presence. She discovered many things of chimpanzees during her first years at be National Park.In October 1960，she observed a chimpanzee making and using __17__ to fish for termites(白蟻)．This discovery threw __18__ on the popular idea at the time that Man was the worlds only toolmaker.The longer Goodalls research continues，the more it bees obvious that chimpanzees are very __19__ to humans. Since the mid1980s Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise peoples sense about environmental __20__.“Lets live in the new age with hope，respect for all living things，understanding and love，” she said. 1．A.recognized B．known C．praised D．a(chǎn)dmitted 2．A.receiving B．giving C．enjoying D．having 3．A.So B．Actually C．But D．Finally 4．A.discoveries B．decisions C．choices D．findings 5．A.study B．interest C．sense D．dream 6．A.was fond of B．was tired of C．insisted on D．dreamed of 7．A.boys B．girls C．men D．women 8．A.encouraged B．prevented C．a(chǎn)dvised D．forced 9．A.knowledge B．youth C．hope D．chances 10．A.accepted B．refused C．hesitated D．considered 11．A.only B．last C．special D．first 12．A.project B．study C．center D．career 13．A.hard B．interesting C．easy D．convenient 14．A.in surprise B．in a hurry C．a(chǎn)s expected D．in fear 15．A.will B．body C．desire D．mind 16．A.far B．near C．soon D．much 17．A.nets B．tools C．holes D．sticks 18．A.doubt B．light C．questions D．beliefs 19．A.close B．similar C．friendly D．helpful 20．A.improvement B．protection C．pollution D．destruction 3 I am my mothers third child.When I was born，her doctor gently explained to my mother that my left arm was __1__，below the elbow(肘部)．Then he gave her some __2__：“Dont treat her any __3__ from the other girls.Demand more.” And she __4__！ My mother had to work to __5__ our family.There were five girls in our family and we all had to __6__.Once when I was about seven，I came out of the __7__，“Mom，I cant peel(削……皮)potatoes.I only have one hand.” “You get back to peel those potatoes，and dont ever use that as a(n)__8__ for anything again！” Of course I could peel potatoes—with my good hand，while holding them down with my __9__ arm.There was always a __10__，and Mom knew it，“If you try hard __11__，” shed say，“you can do anything.” Once in the second grade，our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bars(高低杠)．When it was my turn，I __12__ my head.Some kids __13__.I went home crying. The next afternoon，after work，Mom __14__ me back to the school ground. “Now，__15__ up with your right arm，” she advised.She stood by __16__ I practiced，and she __17__ me when I made progress. Ill never forget the __18__ time I was crossing the bars.The kids were standing there with their mouths open. It was the way with everything.When I __19__ I cant handle(處理)things，I see Moms smile again.She had the heart to __20__ anything.And she taught me I could，too. 1．A.missing B．broken C．diseased D．short 2．A.warning B．medicine C．help D．a(chǎn)dvice 3．A.badly B．differently C．well D．normally 4．A.did B．refused C．cried D．was 5．A.care B．help C．support D．feed 6．A.pay attention B．work out C．carry out D．help out 7．A.kitchen B．bedroom C．house D．school 8．A.idea B．change C．excuse D．explanation 9．A.lost B．other C．next D．longer 10．A.chance B．way C．time D．success 11．A.enough B．too C．a(chǎn)gain D．often 12．A.hurt B．nodded C．shook D．turned 13．A.cheered B．whispered C．joked D．laughed 14．A.drove B．took C．sent D．carried 15．A.pull B．jump C．stand D．rise 16．A.before B．a(chǎn)s C．a(chǎn)fter D．until 17．A.helped B．raised C．praised D．protected 18．A.first B．last C．wonderful D．next 19．A.admit B．fear C．find D．realize 20．A.face B．teach C．learn D．solve 4 Like most people，I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting.It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important __1__：givingaway makes life so much more exciting.You need not worry if you __2____ money. This is how I __3__ with givingaway.If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store __4__ to me，I stepped in and made the suggestion to the __5__.If an accident took place，the __6__ of which I think the local police could use，I __7__ him up and told him about it，though I was not in __8__ here.One discovery I made about this world is to give __9__ getting something back，though the __10__ often es in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important __11__ letter to my home，though it was __12__ to me at my office.I wrote the postmaster a note of __13__.More than a year later I needed a postoffice box for a new business I was __14__.I was told at the window that there were __15__ boxes left，and that my name would have to go on a long __16__ list.As I was about to __17__，the postmaster appeared in the __18__.“Wasnt it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home？” I said it was.“Well，you certainly are going to have a box in this post office __19__ we make one for you.You dont know what a letter like that means to us.We usually get __20__ but plaints (投訴)．” 1．A.decision B．research C．speech D．discovery 2．A.earn B．lack C．spend D．steal 3．A.experienced B．connected C．bined D．a(chǎn)greed 4．A.happened B．flashed C．stuck D．led 5．A.postmaster B．headmaster C．storekeeper D．policeman 6．A.story B．damage C．challenge D．material 7．A.called B．held C．broke D．picked 8．A.need B．trouble C．mon D．charge 9．A.within B．without C．for D．before 10．A.process