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近五年北京中考化學方程式總結(jié) 溫馨提示：本書對本地區(qū)近五年中考化學反應(yīng)“立體化”的盤點是正確書寫化學方程式的有效方法，即在書寫化學方程式時不要只機械地記憶化學符號，而是聯(lián)想該反應(yīng)的“實驗現(xiàn)象”“反應(yīng)原理”“反應(yīng)的應(yīng)用”“基本反應(yīng)類型”等與之相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，多方位、多角度地對每個化學反應(yīng)進行立體整合，尤其是每一個反應(yīng)的實際應(yīng)用，考查較為突出。為了便于比較，下面按分類總結(jié)如下： 一、xx年考查的反應(yīng)(11個) 1．水通電分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．甲烷燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．高錳酸鉀分解制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 4．過氧化氫分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 5．鋅與硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 6．一氧化碳還原氧化鐵 ________________________________________________________________________ 7．鐵與硫酸銅反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 8．二氧化碳與石灰水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 9．稀鹽酸和氫氧化鈉反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 10．氫氧化鋰和二氧化碳反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 11．碳酸鈉和稀鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 二、xx年考查的反應(yīng)(13個) 1．過氧化氫在納米四氧化三鐵催化作用下制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．水通電分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．氧化鈣和水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．甲烷燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 5．二氧化碳和氫氣在一定條件下反應(yīng)生成甲醇和水 ________________________________________________________________________ 6．硫化鋅和氧氣在高溫下反應(yīng)生成氧化鋅和二氧化硫 ________________________________________________________________________ 7．一氧化碳還原氧化鐵 ________________________________________________________________________ 8．高錳酸鉀分解制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 9．木炭燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 10．鋅和稀鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 11．氫氧化鈉和二氧化碳反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 12．碳酸鈉和氯化鋇反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 13．碳酸鈉和稀硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 三、xx年考查的反應(yīng)(15個) 1．一氧化碳還原氧化鐵 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．鹽酸除鐵銹 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．碳酸鈣與鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．鐵與硫酸銅反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．氫氧化鐵與稀硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 6．二氧化硫與水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 7．二氧化碳與石灰水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 8．高錳酸鉀分解制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 9．過氧化氫在催化劑作用下分解制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 10．紅磷燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 11．鋅與硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 12．二氧化碳與氫氧化鈉反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 13．氫氧化鈣與稀硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 14．信息方程式 CaCO3＋H2SO3===CaSO3＋H2O＋CO2↑ 15．信息方程式 CH4＋2O2CO2＋2H2O 四、xx年考查的反應(yīng)(14個) 1．鐵在氧氣中燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 2．過氧化氫分解制氧氣 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．水通電分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 4．鋅與硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．鐵與鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 6．鋅與硫酸銅溶液反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 7．氫氧化鋁與鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 8．碳酸鈣與稀鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 9．碳酸氫鈉與稀鹽酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 10．碳酸鈉溶液和石灰水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 11．鹽酸除鐵銹 ________________________________________________________________________ 12．一氧化碳還原氧化鐵 ________________________________________________________________________ 13．甲烷(沼氣)在空氣中燃燒 ________________________________________________________________________ 14．信息方程式 2NaHCO3＋CaCl2===CaCO3↓＋2NaCl＋H2O＋CO2↑ 五、xx年考查的反應(yīng)(9個) 1．二氧化碳與水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．高錳酸鉀受熱分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 3．水通電分解 ________________________________________________________________________ 4．鋅與硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．氫氧化鈉與硫酸反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 6．碳酸鈉溶液和石灰水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 7．鹽酸除鐵銹 ________________________________________________________________________ 8．二氧化碳與石灰水反應(yīng) ________________________________________________________________________ 9．信息方程式 4Na＋3CO2C＋2Na2CO3 六、xx年化學方程式預(yù)測 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________