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2019中考英語閱讀練（四）及答案 第一部分：任務(wù)型閱讀 This week, our topic is pollution. What are the answers to all of our pollution problems? We asked two experts to give their views. ◆Forest Smith is a member of Green First, an environmental group. Our future on the Earth looks very bad. We are dumping waste on our land. We can’t breathe the fresh air. The sea is polluted, too. I visited some relatives recently in a small village. They grow their own food and cycle everywhere. They are not wealthy, but they are happy and healthy. We must close the factories producing useless products. That will reduce rubbish and air pollution. We must recycle more, give up all cars, and improve public transport. A large problem is overpopulation in big cities. We must give up big cities and factories, and go back to a simple way of life. ◆John Green is a scientist at a university. Things are not as bad as Forest says. We’ll have a bright future. We don’t need to give up cars but we need to invent better, cleaner engines. This won’t stop the problem of traffic jams. So we need better public transport. We should also recycle more. But some things are getting better. My sister returned last month after living abroad for five years. She said, “Our old neighbourhood doesn’t look the same as before－it is cleaner and greener now.” In a word, science has brought many improvements to our life. Forest Smith: A member of an (1) ________ group Our future on the Earth looks bad. ◆We’re (2) ________ waste on our land. ◆The air can’t be (3)_________ in. ◆People have polluted the sea. ◆The population in big cities is very (4) ________. What we can do? ◆(5)_______ some factories will reduce rubbish and air pollution. ◆We must recycle more and (6)_______ the public transport better. Conclusion: We must go back to a simple way of life John Green: A (7)______ at a university. We still have a (8)______ future. ◆Better and cleaner engines are (9) ______ because we can’t give up cars. ◆We also need better transport and to recycle more. Conclusion: Life has been (10)________ a lot because of science. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述環(huán)境污染問題。通過采訪兩位專家，他們給出不同的觀點。值得大家思考。 1. environmental【解析】根據(jù)第二段第一句“Forest Smith is a member of Green First, an environmental group.”可知Forest Smith是環(huán)保組成員之一，此處修飾后面的名詞，用形容詞，故填environmental。 2. dumping【解析】根據(jù)第三段第二句“We are dumping waste on our land.”可知答案，根據(jù)前面的are可知此處應(yīng)該時現(xiàn)在分詞，故填dumping。 3. breathed 【解析】根據(jù)第三段第三句“We can’t breathe the fresh air.”可知此處是呼吸，breathe與主語之間有被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，故填breathed。 4. large【解析】根據(jù)第六段第一句“A big problem is overpopulation in big cities.”可知答案，故填large。 5. Closing【解析】根據(jù)第五段一二句“We must close the factories producing useless products. That will reduce rubbish and air pollution.”可知此處應(yīng)該填關(guān)閉，此處在句中作主語，應(yīng)該用動名詞，故填Closing。注意句首字母大寫。 6. make【解析】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“we need better public transport. We should also recycle more.”再結(jié)合表格中的句子可知此處表示的是讓公共交通更好，故填make。 7. scientist【解析】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五段“John Green is a scientist at a university.”可知答案，故填scientist。 8. bright【解析】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段第二句“We’ll have a bright future.”可知答案，故填bright。 9. needed【解析】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段第三句“We don’t need to give up cars but we need to invent better, cleaner engines.”可知此處應(yīng)該是需要，need與主語之間有被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，故填needed。 10. improved【解析】根據(jù)文章最后一句“In a word, science has brought many improvements to our life. ”可知此處是改善，結(jié)合表格中的句子可知此處是動詞，由前面的be可知此處是被動語態(tài)，故填improved。 第二部分 A Pollution Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution （污染）. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and polluted our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world. Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog（煙霧）. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air. We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution. 1. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _______. A. there were not any modern machines B. there was no modern medicine C. both A and B D. there were not many people 2. What is the biggest problem in today’s life? A. Water pollution B. Air pollution C. Noise D. Pollution 3. The most serious kind of pollution is ________. A. noise pollution B. air pollution C. water pollution D. A, B and C 4. Factories must clean their water ________. A. before they are thrown away B. when they are thrown away C. after it is thrown away D. before it is thrown away 5. From the passage we know that ________. A. a few years ago, there was no smog at all B. today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice C. we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes’ D. people are making rules in order to fight pollution 參考答案CDBDD B Think of all the things you throw away：juice bottles，soda cans，candy covers．It adds up．How much rubbish do you produce? Americans throw away about 1 ton of rubbish per person every year．Thats 2000 pounds of rubbish! Most of the rubbish gets covered in big holes in the round called landfills(垃圾掩埋法)． A lot of this rubbish can be recycled，or turned back to something useful．The main things we recycle today are made of metal and paper． People recycle for many reasons．One of the main reasons is to protect resources(資源)．Making new cans out of old ones means less aluminum(鋁) is needed for new cans． This leads to a second reason people recycle：it saves energy．Recycling old aluminum cans take much less energy than making new aluminum．To make new aluminum，you need to mine metal ore(礦石) from the ground，remove it，and refine it，into a finished metal． Recycling also protects valuable land．By recycling，we produce less rubbish．That means fewer landfills are needed for dropping our rubbish．Because metals are some what costly to make，they are the worlds most recycled materials．About two-thirds of all steel(鋼) is recycled． Almost all drink cans are made of aluminum．Americans recycle about one-third of their used aluminum cans．Empty cans are sent to special factories．There，they are cleaned，melted，and made into new pieces of aluminum． Americans use lots of paper — mostly in the form of newspapers，magazines，and cardboard boxes．In fact，paper takes up more space in landfills than any other material． Old paper can be cut and made are into new paper．Americans recycle a little more than one-third of their paper rubbish．New papers are made from trees，each ton of recycled paper saves about 17 trees! 1. You can most probably read the passage in _______． A．a(chǎn) science book B．a(chǎn) Chinese book C．a(chǎn) history book D．a(chǎn) geography book 2. Which material isn’t mentioned in the passage? A. Paper B. Metal C. Wood D. Water 3. Why do people recycle rubbish? A．To protect resources because its hard to make new resources． B．It can save energy，because the resources are limited(有限)． C．To protect valuable land，because there is no place to bury rubbish． D．To protect resources，save energy and protect valuable land． 4. Which of the following is RIGHT? A．People recycle paper from the trees． B．Papers take up less space in the landfills． C．Americans recycle a little more than 1/3 of their paper rubbish． D．To recycle paper cant protect the environment． 5. The main idea of the passage is _______． A．To let us know it is a big job to deal with rubbish． B.To explain the reasons for rubbish recycle． C．To describe how to recycle metal and paper． D. To explain how to recycle rubbish and why to do so． 參考答案ADDCB C What’s the meaning of “dark horse”? It’s someone who wins when no one expects it. Han Xiao’peng took China’s first gold on snow. He became an Olympic “dark horse” last Thursday by winning the gold medal in men’s freestyle aerial skiing(自由式滑雪空中技巧) at Turin in Italy. He made two almost perfect jumps for the highest score. Han had never won a world gold medal before, let alone(更不用說) in the Olympics! “I never thought this would happen,” said the 23-year-old. “I feel like I’m in a dream.” It’s China’s second gold medal at the Turin Olympics. But more important, Han’s gold was the country’s first ever in a snow sport. In 2002, China’s Yang Yang won the gold for speed skating at the winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, US. Just because Han’s win was unexpected doesn’t mean that he didn’t work hard. Han grew up in Jiangsu Province. Before he started his training on snow, he used to be an acrobat(雜技演員) at a circus. In 1995, a coach found his talent(才能). The coach, Yang Er’qi, said Han had the agility(靈活性) and courage to be a ski jumper. When Yang first took the 12-year-old to northern China, the boy couldn’t swim, skate or ski. But he wasn’t afraid of the high platform(跳臺) and kept on training. Han almost left the sport after hurting his knee months before the Salt Lake Games. In that Olympics he only got 24th. “I was hopeless at that time, but my family and the coach stood firmly(堅強地) behind me, helping me through,” he recalled. Han Xiaopeng worked so hard that he won the gold medal in the Olympics at last. Because of his success, more and more people in China are becoming interested in skiing. We are proud of him and we hope he will have another big success in the next winter Olympics. 1. What does ‘dark horse’ mean? It means _____________. A. a horse which is dark B. someone who is expected to win C. a horse which likes living in the dark D. someone whose win is unexpected 2. Where did Han Xiaopeng take China’s first gold on snow? A. In China . B. In Italy. C. In America. D. In Australia. 3. What made the coach, Yang Er’qi, choose Han Xiaopeng to be a ski jumper? A. He had the agility and wasn’t afraid of the high platform. B. He was good at skiing though he was only 12 years old. C. He was born in the north of China and liked sports on snow. D. He had the talent and he had won a world gold medal before. 4. Which of the following sentences is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. He was 23 when he won the gold medal at the winter Olympics. B. He made two almost perfect jumps and got the highest score. C. No one had won the gold before Han Xiaopeng at the winter Olympics. D. He never gave up even though he had faced many difficulties. 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. A Dark Horse at the Winter Olympics B. A Wonderful Match C. A Hopeless Snow Game D. An Exciting Horse Race 參考答案DBACA