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2019中考英語(yǔ)文章閱讀訓(xùn)練題（1） 一、完形填空 閱讀下面的短文，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 （2019中考選練） What will the future world be like? Many people are glad to give their ______ ．Here are two imaginations about the world of __． When people talk about the future, we like to think that well have our own personal flying car. We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights，___ roads and speeding tickets．___，some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars. One big problem is: what will happen if the flying cars _____ ? Then there will be problems with traffic control. Also, if____ become popular, there will surely be too much air traffic．__ it seems that flying cars will face more than a few problems if they are to get off the ground! .Imagine you have your own Ironman____ . Several companies are trying to build a practical robot "exoskeleton". This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement. It will____ the wearer to lift heavy objects, walk a long way and even punch through walls! It is____ in many ways, especially for people with disabilities. This suit might help people to walk again after____ or injury（受傷）.But the disadvantage at the moment is the____ . Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds. Another problem is battery life. A suit like this needs a lot of____ and batteries only last about 15 minutes at the moment. One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer. You wouldnt want your robot leg or arm bending（彎曲） suit could ____ the the wrong way. car above our heads, So in the future，___ we might be able to fly to work and lift a there are plenty of problems to solve before this will be possible. 1．A． suggestions B． instructions C． opinions D． reasons 2．A． past B． yesterday C． present D． tomorrow 3．A． empty B． wide C． busy D． dirty 4．A． Moreover B． Instead C． In fact D． However 5．A． put down B． break down C． write down D． calm down 6．A． they B． you C． we D． I 7．A． And B． But C． So D． or 8．A． gloves B． suit C． helmet D． shoes 9．A． ask B． wish C． invite D． allow 10．A． beautiful B． peaceful C． colorful D． useful 11．A． disease B． holiday C． work D． party 12．A． quality B． price C． need D． number 13．A． chances B． power C． rest D． experience 14．A． hurt B． attract C． protect D． attack 15．A． whether B． unless C． although D． until 【解析】這篇短文給我們想象了未來(lái)世界的樣子，文章中主要提到了關(guān)于未來(lái)世界的兩個(gè)想象：一個(gè)是飛行汽車；另一個(gè)是鋼鐵俠套裝。這兩種發(fā)明都有他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但同時(shí)也有很多的問(wèn)題需要解決。 1．句意：很多人都樂(lè)意給出他們的觀點(diǎn)。suggestions 建議；instructions指導(dǎo)；opinions觀點(diǎn)；reasons理由。根據(jù)上句話What will the future world be like?可知，這個(gè)問(wèn)題是“未來(lái)的世界會(huì)是什么樣子的？”關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，不同的人會(huì)有不同的看法，故應(yīng)選C。 2．句意：這里有兩個(gè)關(guān)于明天世界的想象。past 過(guò)去；yesterday昨天；present現(xiàn)在；tomorrow明天。根據(jù)短文開(kāi)頭第一句話What will the future world be like?可知，這篇短文想象的是未來(lái)的世界，故應(yīng)選D。 13．句意：我們每小時(shí)能飛480英里，避開(kāi)交通燈、擁擠的道路和超速罰款單。empty 空的；wide寬的；busy忙的；dirty臟的。根據(jù)文意可知，這里介紹的是flying car飛行車，有了它，我們就可以避免路上交通上容易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，如交通燈、交通擁擠和超速罰款，因此這里應(yīng)選C，表示道路擁擠。 4．句意：然而一些人指出了飛行車的缺點(diǎn)。Moreover 而且；Instead相反；In fact事實(shí)上；However然而。上文We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights，___3___ roads and speeding tickets講述的是飛行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而這句話中some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars提到的是它的缺點(diǎn)，因此兩句話之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，故選D。 5．句意：一個(gè)大問(wèn)題是：如果飛行車壞掉了會(huì)發(fā)生什么？put down 記下，鎮(zhèn)壓；break down壞掉；write down寫(xiě)下；calm down平靜下來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里說(shuō)的是flying car的缺點(diǎn)，因此應(yīng)該是如果飛行車壞了該怎么辦，故選B。 6．句意：而且如果他們變得受歡迎，那么就一定會(huì)有太多的空中交通。They他們； you你，你們；we我們；I我。根據(jù)文意可知，這幾句話介紹的是都是flying cars，這個(gè)空代指的就是flying cars，是復(fù)數(shù)的，故應(yīng)選A。 7．句意：因此好像如果飛行車想要離開(kāi)地面，他們將會(huì)面對(duì)很多的問(wèn)題。And 和，而且，表示并列；But但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折；So因此，表示結(jié)果；or或者；否則。根據(jù)文意可知，上文提到了飛行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，這句話是對(duì)未來(lái)世界可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的飛行車做一個(gè)總結(jié)，表示的是結(jié)果，故應(yīng)選C。 8．句意：想象一下你有你自己的鋼鐵俠套裝。gloves 手套；suit套裝；helmet頭盔；shoes鞋。根據(jù)下文This suit might help people to walk again after___11___ or injury可知，這里說(shuō)的是鋼鐵俠套裝，故應(yīng)選B。 9．句意：它能允許佩戴者舉起重物、走很長(zhǎng)的路，甚至穿過(guò)墻。ask 問(wèn)，請(qǐng)求；wish希望；invite邀請(qǐng)；allow允許。根據(jù)上句話This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement.可知，這種機(jī)器人的套裝可以跟隨你的移動(dòng)，因此它 可以使你做到空后面列舉的這些事情，故應(yīng)選D。 10．句意：它在很多方面都是很有用的，尤其是對(duì)于殘疾人。beautiful 美麗的；peaceful和平的；平靜的；colorful多彩的；useful有用的。根據(jù)下句話This suit might help people to walk again after___11___ or injury可知，這種套裝能幫助人，所以他們是有用的，故選D。 11．句意：這個(gè)套裝可以幫助人們?cè)诩膊』蚴軅笾匦履茏呗?。disease疾??；holiday假日；work工作；party聚會(huì)。根據(jù)句意可知，人們不能走路，原因可能是受傷了，或者是疾病導(dǎo)致，因應(yīng)選A。 12．句意：但是目前的缺點(diǎn)就是價(jià)格。quality 質(zhì)量；price價(jià)格；need 需要；number數(shù)字。根據(jù)下句話Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.可知，一套簡(jiǎn)單的鋼鐵俠套裝就要花費(fèi)好幾千英鎊，所以它的一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)就是價(jià)格昂貴，故應(yīng)選B。 13．句意：一個(gè)像這樣的套裝需要很多的電量，電池目前只能持續(xù)15分鐘。chances 機(jī)會(huì)；power電力，力量；rest休息；experience經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)上句話Another problem is battery life可知，這里說(shuō)的是這種套裝的另外一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)就是電池的壽命，因此這里應(yīng)說(shuō)的是電池的電量，故應(yīng)選B。 14．句意：你不會(huì)想讓你的機(jī)器人的腿或者胳膊彎曲，可能會(huì)傷害。hurt 傷害；attract吸引；protect保護(hù)；attack攻擊。根據(jù)上句話One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer.可知，這種套裝的另一個(gè)問(wèn)題是編程不良，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些傷害。故應(yīng)選A。 15．句意：因此在未來(lái)，雖然我們可能能夠飛著去上班，但在此之前還有很多問(wèn)題要解決。whether是否；unless除非，如果不；although 雖然，盡管；until直到…時(shí)候。根據(jù)這兩句話的意思可知，他們之間的轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選C。 點(diǎn)睛：這篇短文給我們想象了未來(lái)世界的樣子，文章中主要提到了關(guān)于未來(lái)世界的兩個(gè)想象：一個(gè)是飛行汽車；另一個(gè)是鋼鐵俠套裝。這兩種發(fā)明都有他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但同時(shí)也有很多的問(wèn)題需要解決。文章是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，在理解上有一定的難度，做題時(shí)，應(yīng)努力抓住文章中心意思，并聯(lián)系上下文的語(yǔ)境，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞，弄清楚作者的寫(xiě)作意圖。題型是完型填空，考查學(xué)生們?cè)诰唧w語(yǔ)境中綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。做題時(shí)，應(yīng)分為三步：首先閱讀全文，掌握大意，理解作者的寫(xiě)作意圖；然后逐空做題，注意空前后的搭配和上下文的語(yǔ)境；最后要再讀一遍短文，檢查答案。例如第2小題，短文開(kāi)頭第一句話What will the future world be like?就告訴我們，文章內(nèi)容是關(guān)于未來(lái)世界的，因此這里應(yīng)選tomorrow，不僅是明天的意思，還可以指未來(lái)。再如第12小題，這里介紹的是這種套裝的缺點(diǎn)，根據(jù)下句話Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.可知，一套簡(jiǎn)單的鋼鐵俠套裝就要花費(fèi)好幾千英鎊，所以它的這個(gè)缺點(diǎn)就是價(jià)格昂貴，故應(yīng)選B。 二、閱讀理解 請(qǐng)閱讀下面三段短文，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 A （2019中考日常生活類訓(xùn)練） It’s so beautiful outside that spending the day in the office would be very boring. So why not take the vacations(假期)off? A new survey(調(diào)查)found that 31﹪of U.S workers don’t always take all of their vacation days. Americans have 12 vacation days on average(平均)each year, but they give back an average of 3 vacation days each year. So why don’t they use up their vacation days? Some say they would rather get money back for their unused days; some busy workers say they just can’t leave their work. Americans have fewer vacation days than workers in any other country surveyed. The French take their vacations seriously. French workers get an average of 39 vacation days, and 40﹪ plan to take at least one there-to-four-week vacation. Workers in Sweden receive an average of 25 vacation days a year,but they can’t find time to use them all. More workers there return vacation days than any other country surveyed. British workers have the longest working week in Europe(歐洲),with 23 vacation days --the shortest vacation. So they feel overworked.75﹪ say their weekends or vacations are too short and 40﹪ would sacrifice a day’s pay(工資)for one more vacation day. 1. How many vacation days do Americans have on average each year in fact? A.9 B.12 C.15 D.23 2. Which country has the most workers working during the vacation days? A. America. B. France. C. Sweden. D. Great Britain. 3. What does the word“sacrifice”mean in the last sentence? A. Use up. B. Put up. C. Take up. D. Give up. 4. Which of the following is true? A. Some American workers are too busy to leave their work. B. French workers can take one Three-to-four week days. C. Swedish workers can enjoy all of their vacation days. D. British workers have the shortest vacation days of all the countries surveyed. 參考答案1A 2C 3D 4A B （2019中考日常生活類訓(xùn)練） Though many countries have laws against the illegal ivory trade (反對(duì)非法象牙貿(mào)易), tens of thousands of African elephants are killed every year. In January, xx, hundreds of elephant tusks (象牙) as well as ivory sculptures were put into two large crushing machines (粉碎機(jī)) in Guangdong, China. In all, more than six tons of ivory were destroyed. People called the event an ivory crush. In November, xx, the similar event happened in Colorado, America. There, wildlife officials also destroyed more than six tons of ivory. Though it may sound strange, wildlife officials are crushing ivory to help save African elephants. Stephanie Wang, who works for the Wildlife Protection Society in New York City, says, “We try to let the world know that we don’t think ivory is valuable when it’s not on an elephant.” Each year, poachers kill elephants, cut off their long tusks and take the tusks out of Africa secretly. Then they sell the tusks and get thousands of dollars. The buyers use the ivory to make sculptures, jewellery and traditional medicines. The purpose of recent ivory crushes is to send a message to the poachers and those who buy illegal ivory. Stephanie Wang says, “China’s ivory crush is ‘a(chǎn)n important step’. However, it is only a small amount (數(shù)量) of the illegal ivory. If we don’t stop the illegal ivory trade, African elephants could disappear from the wild within 10 years.” 1. The writer mentions ______ ivory crush(es) in the passage. A. one B. two C. six D. twelve 2. What can we infer from the passage? A. There are too many elephants in China. B. Chinese people can’t afford ivory sculptures. C. American people never buy ivory sculptures. D. Wildlife officials are against the ivory trade. 3. What does the underlined word “poachers” mean in Chinese? A. 偷捕動(dòng)物的人 B. 熱愛(ài)動(dòng)物的人 C. 虐待動(dòng)物的人 D. 訓(xùn)練動(dòng)物的人 4. According to Stephanie Wang, ______. A. it’s not a good idea to crush ivory B. all of the ivory trade is in China C. we should do a lot to protect African elephants D. African elephants will disappear within 10 years 參考答案1B 2D 3A 4C C （2019中考教育類選練） The aim (目的) of students who come to school is to study. But studying requires (需要) a right way, or you waste either the time or the money. The following are the ways of studying. The best time for reading is morning, because in the morning, the air is fresh and the mind is clear. For that reason, we can get good results (結(jié)果). In studying we must have patience (耐心). If we have not known a text well, we must read it again. We shouldn’t read the next one till we have understood the first one. When we are studying, we must put our hearts into the book, or we can get nothing from the book while we are reading. We must always ask “whys”. If it is not well understood, write it down and ask our teachers, parents, or friends. In any possible way, we must know it completely and what we’ve leaned can be used well and made better. Though there are many ways for studying, yet the above mentioned (提到的) will be quite enough if we can keep them in heart and do so. 1. The passage tells us ______. A. the importance of reading B. to read in the morning C. to pay attention to the ways of studying D. to have patience in studying 2. The passage has taught us ______ ways of studying. A. three B. four C. five D. many 3. We’d better read in the morning because ______. A. it’s easy to remember what we have learned B. the air is fresh and the mind is clear C. it’s difficult to get good results D. both A and C 4. If we can’t put our hearts into the book when we read, it is ______. A. easy to understand it well B. better to get something from it C. impossible (不可能)for us to get something from it D. possible (可能) to learn something from it 5. In studying we must always ask “whys” in order to ______. A. understand the book well B. write down the questions C. do with the new words D. get some questions to ask our teachers 參考答案1C 2B 3B 4C 5A 三、首字母填空 在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。 Are you eager to be a person who has a good memory? People who enjoy their wonderful memory often do well in their studies and work. These people only have to spend a few m__1___ on a page and will keep what they read in mind. Here are some things you can do to improve your memory. Try these: Be more observant(善于觀察的). Some people who said to have a bad memory dont r__2___ have memory problems. They just dont take time to notice the details. If you pay more attention to the details. youre sure to have a much clearer memory of events. A little exercise that you could do is to p___3___ memorizing lists of things, such as the things you are going to buy in a supermarket, or even the ingredients(原料)printed on your biscuit box. Do more activities such as puzzles, word g__4___, and learn a new language. These activities will further improve your brain functions and will help you improve your memory. Try to have more free time. When you are t___5___, probably you are to have a weaker focus. Find ways to get rid of stress, so your brain will be clearer and ready to have new i___6___. Get enough sleeping hours. You need at least seven hours of sleep every night. Give your brain cells a chance to r___7__ the damage done by a days tiring work. Eat lots of fruits, vegetables and grains. Do your best to be healthy, and these foods help you improve your memory. 【參考答案】 1. minutes 2. really 3. practice/practice 4. games 5. tired 6. ideas/ information 7. repair / reduce