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Grammar ThePassiveVoice 1 A 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的 B 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的 Weplantedthetree Thetreewasplantedbyus 執(zhí)行者 承受者 2 1 不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí) e g Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight Thisbookwaspublishedin1981 2 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者 而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 e g ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim 3 4 WespeakEnglish 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) Englishisspokenbyus 5 1 Peopleuseaknifeforcuttingthings Aknife forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth isused are cleaned EXERCISE 6 3 Beijingheldthe29thOlympicGamesin2008 The29thOlympicGames inBeijingin2008 4 Thegovernmentbuiltmanynewbuildings stadiumsandroads Manynewbuildings stadiumsandroads bythegovernment werebuilt wereheld 7 ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassiveVoice 1 TheymakeTVsetsinthatfactory 2 NorthwestChinagrowsthebestcotton 3 TheyusethisroomforplayingPingpong 4 Bellinventedthetelephonein1876 TVsetsaremadeinthatfactory ThebestcottonisgrowninNorthwestChina ThisroomisusedforplayingPingpong ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876 5 Themanagermadethemwork10hoursaday Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday 8 9 Theywillfinishtheworksoon Theworkwillbefinished bythem soon Myfatherwillnotpunishmeformymistake Iwill shallnotbepunishedbymyfatherformymistake 10 Nobody allow toenterthestadiumwithoutaticket 2 Children notallow tomakeanoiseandupsetthecompetitors Iftheydo they takeaway fromthestadium Rulesfortheaudience willbeallowed won tbeallowed willbetakenaway 11 3 Noanimals allow inthestadium 4 Cheatingbyathletes notexcuse They tell toleaveand punish 5 Nosmoking allow ifyouarediscovered you fine willbeallowed willnotbe willbetold excused willbepunished willbeallowed willbefined 12 Theproblemisn tgoingtobediscussedatthemeetingtomorrow Arethesetreesgoingtobecutdown Yes theyare 13 ThesportsmeetisnottobeheldonApril10th Arenewtextbookstobepublishednextweek No theyaren t 14 1 Thework soon A willbefinishedB hasbeenfinishedC willfinishD finishes2 I ifIfinishtheworkwithinoneday shallbepraisedB wouldpraiseC willpraiseD praise EXERCISE 15 3 Thesefilms untiltomorrowmorning can tdevelopB aren tdevelopingC won tbedevelopedD won tdevelop4 Allthoseoldbuildings downtomorrow A willbeknockedB willknockC willhaveknockedD knock 16 5 Apartyisgoingto tonight Wouldyouliketogowithme I dliketo butIhavetolookaftermysickmother A organizeB havebeenorganizedC beorganizingD beorganized 6 Nodecision aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed 2008北京 A willbemadeB ismadeC isbeingmadeD hasbeenmade 17 7 Inthenearfuture moreadvancesintherobottechnology byscientists 2011湖南 A aremakingB aremadeC willmakeD willbemade 18 Translation 他一到達(dá)這個(gè)城市就會(huì)被認(rèn)出 Hewillberecognizedassoonashearrivesatthiscity 這部新電影將在下周四上映 ThenewfilmwillbeshownnextThursday 我們不會(huì)受到邀請(qǐng) Wewillnotbeinvited 2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在日本的東京舉行 The2020OlympicGameswillbeheldinTokyo Japan 19 ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 20 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have has 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) have has been 過(guò)去分詞 21 1 Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms allovertheworld 天津2011 A haveproducedB havebeenproducedC areproducingD arebeingproduced 從A B C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng) 22 2 EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney makingjobsthey beforeleavingtheirhometowns 福建2010 promisedB werepromisedC havepromisedD havebeenpromised3 Hissisterlefthomein1998 and since 2009全國(guó)卷I A hadnotbeenheardofB hasnotbeenheardofC hadnotheardofD hasnotheardof 23 4 IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey manytimesontheradio 安徽2008 A taughtB havetaughtC aretaughtD havebeentaught5 Thoughwedon tknowwhatwasdiscussed yetwecanfeelthetopic 陜西2008 A hadchangedB willchangeC waschangedD hasbeenchanged 24 6 Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit 北京2007 hasruinedB hadruinedC hasbeenruinedD hadbeenruined7 Experimentsofthiskind inboththeU S andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar 北京2011 haveconductedB havebeenconductedC hadconductedD hadbeenconducted 25 1 Theyhavefinishedtheconstructionofthenewrailwaylinesbynow Theconstructionofthenewrailwaylineshasbeenfinishedbythembynow 2 Chinahassentupman madesatellitesintospace Man madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospace EXERCISE ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassiveVoice 26 3 Wehavebuiltanewlibraryandagymnasiuminourschoolthisyear Anewlibraryandagymnasiumhavebeenbuiltinourschoolthisyearbyus 4 Thecarfactoryhasproducedagreatmanyfinecarssincethetechnologicalrevolution Agreatmanyfinecarshavebeenproducedbythecarfactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution 27 5 Theyhavemadeaplantohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea Aplanhasbeenmadebythemtohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea 6 ThegovernmenthasspentalotofmoneyontheHopeProject AlotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheHopeProjectbythegovernment 28 主語(yǔ) am is are being 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 結(jié)構(gòu) 用法 表示說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 經(jīng)常和時(shí)間副詞now 現(xiàn)在 rightnow 現(xiàn)在 此刻 atpresent 現(xiàn)在 目前 atthismoment 此刻 連用 29 1 表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作 主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者 e g OurEnglishisbeingtaughtbyMissWangnow 意義 瞧 那個(gè)嬰兒正由他的姑姑照料著 Look Thebabybyheraunt isbeingtakencareof 30 2 表示這一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作 Manyspeechesarebeingheldthesedays 新的功能目前正在添加到相機(jī)上 Newfunctionsthecameraatpresent arebeingaddedto 3 表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 今晚將要進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)圣誕晚會(huì) Apartytonight isbeingheld 31 從A B C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng) 1 Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse atpresentinthedisasterarea 陜西2010 A arebeingbuiltB werebeingbuiltC wasbeingbuiltD isbeingbuilt 32 2 TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo 天津2010 areexhibitingB isexhibitingC arebeingexhibitedD isbeingexhibited 33 3 Hi Terry canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon Sorry 江蘇2009 A It srepairedB IthasbeenrepairedC It sbeingrepairedD Ithadbeenrepaired 34 4 Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent Theweatherreport andIwanttolisten 湖南2009 isbroadcastB isbeingbroadcastC hasbeenbroadcastD hadbeenbroadcast 35 5 Whydon twechoosethatroadtosavetime Thebridgetoit 四川2009 A hasrepairedB isrepairedC isbeingrepairedD willberepaired 36 6 What sthatnoise Oh Iforgottotellyou Thenewmachine 浙江2008 A wastestedB willbetestedC isbeingtestedD hasbeentested 37 I 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1 A WhereisKate B She criticize bytheteacherintheoffice 2 A Wherearethechildren B They takecareof bytheiraunt isbeingcriticized arebeingtakencareof 38 3 A Whatishappeningoverthere B Aparty hold isbeingheld 4 Whyitissonoisyoutthere Oh it sbecausetheroad repair isbeingrepaired 39 II 用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改寫(xiě)下列句子 1 Theyarestudyingthemiludeerattheresearchcentre Themiludeeris arebeingstudiedattheresearchcentre 2 Sheisteachingtheboyalesson Theboyisbeingtaughtalesson 40 3 Nowheismakingthegirllaugh 4 Theyarerevisingthelawstoprotecttherightsofwomenandchildren Nowthegirlisbeingmadetolaugh Thelawsarebeingrevisedtoprotecttherightsofwomenandchildren 41 7 Youshouldwatertreesoften 8 Youmustnotplanttreesinverydryearth Treesshouldbewateredoften Treesmustnotbeplantedinverydryearth 42 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am is are p p done 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 was were p p done will shallbe p p done am is aregoingtobe p p done wouldbe p p done am is arebeing p p done was werebeing p p done have hasbeen p p done hadbeen p p done 43 在什么情況下不能使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢 1 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞 如have cost fit last own hold become等往往不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 例如 Theshirtfitshimverywell Heisfittedverywellbytheshirt 正 誤 44 2 祈使句一般沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 例如 Lookattheblackboard please Theblackboardislookedatbyyou 正 誤 45 3 某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)表示處所 地點(diǎn) 組織時(shí)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 例如 HejoinedtheLeaguein1998 TheLeaguewasjoinedbyhimin1998 正 誤 46 4 反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) 不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 例如 Youmustlookafteryourself Yourselfmustbelookedafter 正 誤 47 5 不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) happen發(fā)生 rise升起 fall落下 fail失敗 occur發(fā)生 exist存在 remain仍然 保持 appear出現(xiàn) disappear消失 last持續(xù) 48 6 系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) taste嘗起來(lái) sound聽(tīng)起來(lái) feel摸起來(lái) smell聞起來(lái) look看起來(lái) 49 7 不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) belongto屬于 takeplace發(fā)生 舉行 comeabout產(chǎn)生 發(fā)生 breakout爆發(fā) datebackto追溯到 datefrom追溯到 cometoanend結(jié)束 runout用完 耗盡 comeintobeing形成 產(chǎn)生 referto提到 說(shuō)到cometolife蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) consistof由 組成catchfire著火 50 主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的若干情況 51 1 當(dāng)open close shut lock move等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性時(shí) 通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Thedoorwon tshut 這門(mén)關(guān)不上 Thesupermarketdoorsshutautomatically 超市的門(mén)是自動(dòng)關(guān)的 52 該用法的不及物動(dòng)詞通常與can t won t等連用 注意它與用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)含義不同 Thewindowwon tshut 這窗戶關(guān)不上 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的屬性 窗戶有問(wèn)題了 Thewindowwon tbeshut 這窗戶將不用關(guān)上 窗戶本身沒(méi)問(wèn)題 只是不用關(guān) 53 2 當(dāng)read wash clean cook cut wear carry等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性時(shí) 通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Theclothwasheswell 這種布料好洗 Thebooksellsquickly 這書(shū)銷(xiāo)售得快 Thisshirtwillwearverylong 這襯衫可以穿很久 54 3 某些表示開(kāi)始和結(jié)束的動(dòng)詞 begin start finish end等 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為事物且不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí) 可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Whendoestheconcertbegin Theplayendedatteno clock 55 4 不定式toblame tolet用作表語(yǔ)時(shí) 通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng) Whoistoblame 該怪誰(shuí)呢 Thehouseistolet 此屋出租 56 5 某些 be 形容詞 todo 結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink 57 6 beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) Inall thebookisworthreading Thismightbeworththinkingabout beworthyworthwhile 它們需要用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)嗎 58 7 在need want require等少數(shù)表示 需要 的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 Theplantswantwateringeveryday Thiswallrequiresrepairing 以上結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)名詞改用不定式則要用被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義 Thissentenceneedsexplaining tobeexplained 59 8 不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞 如have get want need等 的賓語(yǔ)后作定語(yǔ)時(shí) 如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ) 則要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 Ihavesomeletterstowrite 比較 Ihavesomethingtotype Ihavesomethingtobetyped 指自己打字 指請(qǐng)人打字 60 1 Honey thisisapresentforyourbirthday Ah Apairofshoes well knownbrand Nike Ithinkitmust comfortably A bewornB bewearingC havewornD wear D 61 2 Ihadafallyesterday andmyrightkneestill alotnow A ishurtB hurtC hashurtD hurts3 Althoughthispoemisshort it verywell A readingB isreadC readsD isbeingread D C 62 63 64 謝謝大家 65