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九年級(全)　Units 9—10 中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理 類別 課標考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.perform(v.)→__performance__(n.)表演★ 2.gradual(adj.)→__gradually__(adv.)逐步地；漸進地 3.prefer(v.)→__preferred__(過去式/過去分詞)更喜歡 4.electronic(adj.)→__electricity__(n.)電；電能 5.suggestion(n.)→__suggest__(v.)建議；提議 6.shut(v.)→__shut__(過去式/過去分詞)關(guān)閉；關(guān)上 7.full(adj.)→__empty__(反義詞)空的；空洞的 8.behave(v.)→__behavior__(n.)行為 9.sad(adj.)→__sadness__(n.)悲傷；悲痛 10.north(n.& adj.)→__northern__(adj.)北方的；北部的★ 11.pain (n.)→__painful__(adj.)令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的 12.relax(v.)→__relaxed__(adj.)放松的；自在的 →__relaxing__(adj.)令人放松的★ 短 語 歸 納 1.既然那樣；假使那樣的話__in__that__case__ 2.堅持；固守__stick__to__ 3.大量；充足__plenty__of__ 4.關(guān)閉；停止運轉(zhuǎn)__shut__off__ 5.偶爾地；間或__once__in__a__while__ 6.總共；合計__in__total__ 7.使……高興__cheer…up__ 8.盡某人最大的努力__try__ones__best__ 9.結(jié)婚__get__married__ 10.順便訪問；隨便進入__drop__by__ 11.畢竟；終歸__after__all__ 12.作出努力__make__an__effort__ 13.把……擦掉__clean…off__ 14.脫下(衣服)；(飛機等)起飛__take__off__ 15.特地；格外努力__go__out__of__ones__way__ 16.使(某人)感到賓至如歸__make…feel__at__home__ 17.習慣于__get/be__used__to__ 18.大動肝火；氣憤__get__mad__ 19.一……就……__as__soon__as__ 20.指著__point__at__ 21.與……不同__be__different__from__ 22.盼望；期待__look__forward__to__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) ( 含 情 景 交 際 ) 1.(詢問他人對音樂或電影的喜好)“你喜歡哪種音樂？”“我喜歡那種可以跟著一起唱的音樂?！? —__What__kind__of__music__ do you like？ —I like music that __I__can__sing__along__with__. 2.笑兩個小時是一種很好的放松方式！ __Laughing__ for two hours __is__ a good way __to__relax__！ 3.我總是帶一位不害怕這種電影的朋友(一起來看)，它就不再使我感覺如此可怕。 I always bring a friend __who__isnt__afraid__of__ these kinds of movies，and it __doesnt__ feel so scary __anymore__. 4.音樂是阿炳寫的，他是一位民族音樂家，1893年生于無錫。 The music __was__written__by__ Abing，a folk musician __who__was__born__in__ the city of Wuxi in 1893. 5.遺憾的是，一共只有六首曲子被錄了下來并得以傳世，但時至今日，他依舊頗受歡迎。 __It__is__a__pity__that__ only six pieces of music __in__total__ were recorded for the future world to hear，but his popularity continues to this day. 6.(談?wù)摿曀缀蛻?yīng)該做的事情)“在韓國人們初次見面時應(yīng)該做什么？”“他們應(yīng)該鞠躬?！? —What __are__ people in Korea __supposed__to__do__ when they meet for the first time？ —Theyre __supposed__to__bow__. 7.在美國，他們被期待握手。 In the United States，theyre __expected__to__ shake hands. 8.讓別人一直等是不禮貌的。 Its __impolite__ to keep others __waiting__. 9.我們從不事先未通電話便登門拜訪朋友。 We __never__ visit a friends house without __calling__ first. 10.我最大的挑戰(zhàn)是學習如何在餐桌上舉止得體。 My biggest challenge is __learning__how__to__behave__ at the dinner table. 11.我不得不說我發(fā)現(xiàn)記住一切很難，但我正在逐漸適應(yīng)它。 I have to say that I __find__it__difficult__to__remember__ everything，but Im gradually __getting__used__to__ it. 語法 1.that，who和which引導的定語從句的用法(詳見第二編P142) 2.be supposed to do sth.的用法 3.be expected to do sth.的用法 4.It is＋adj.＋to do sth.的用法 話題 Unit 9 Music and movies(音樂和電影) Unit 10 Customs(習俗)★ 貴陽中考重難點突破 　prefer的用法 (教材九年級P65) 【滿分點撥】 prefer為動詞，意為“更喜歡”，相當于like…better。 prefer sth.更喜歡某事 prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事 prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.寧愿做……而不 愿做…… prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.比起(做)…… 更喜歡(做)…… I prefer groups that play quiet and gentle songs.我更喜歡演奏輕柔音樂的組合。 I prefer to stay at home rather than go outside in summer.＝I prefer staying at home to going outside in summer.在夏天，我寧愿待在家里也不愿出去。 【溫馨提示】 prefer的過去式、過去分詞為preferred，現(xiàn)在分詞為preferring。 1．My father __preferred__(prefer) tea to water two years ago. (初高銜接題)下列句子有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。 2．I prefer stay at home to going shopping.__staying__ 3．He prefers to ride a bike rather than taking a bus to work.____take____ 　worth的用法 (教材九年級P76) 【滿分點撥】 worth作形容詞，意思是“值得；有……價值(的)”，與be動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中常作表語，一般不作定語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有be worth doing或be worth＋名詞或代詞。如： The car is worth two hundred thousand dollars.這部車值20萬美元。 ( C )1.(xx泰州中考改編)Amazing China(《厲害了，我的國》) wins high praise from the public.I think the documentary is well worth ______． A．watch B．to watch C．watching 2．這件藝術(shù)品價值一萬美元。 This artwork __is__ __worth__ $10，000. 　辨析except，besides，except for與but (教材九年級P78) 【滿分點撥】 詞匯 含義及用法 except “將……排除在外”，不包含在整體之內(nèi)，與整體是一種排除關(guān)系 besides “除……之外，還有……”，包含在整體之內(nèi)，與整體是一種累加關(guān)系 except for “除……之外”，表示對主要部分的肯定和對局部的否定，但它不表示同類事物之間的關(guān)系 but “除……之外”，常與nobody，nothing等表示否定的不定代詞連用 except，besides，but，except for 1．There is nothing for me to do __but__ wait. 2．His homework is very good __except__for__ a few spelling mistakes. 3．All of them have seen the film __except__ Wu Dong.He wants to see it some day. 4．Lily is talented in language.She also knows French and Chinese __besides__ English. 　辨析after all，above all，first of all與in all(教材九年級P75) 【滿分點撥】 詞組 含義 after all 畢竟；終究；到底 above all 尤其是；最重要的是 first of all 首先，表示次序 in all 總共；總計 after all，above all，in all，first of all 1．Were the capital of clocks and watches，__after__all__！ 2．We have 20 girls in our class __in__all__． 3．__First__of__all__，you should finish your homework. 4．Children need many things，but __above__all__ they need love. 　take off 的用法 (教材九年級P76) 【滿分點撥】 take off意為“脫下(衣服、鞋襪等)”，反義詞組為put on，意為“穿上(衣服、鞋襪等)”。take off還有“(飛機等)起飛”之意。如： Its hot here.Why not take off your coat？這兒很熱。為何不脫下外套呢？ The plane took off an hour late.飛機起飛晚了一個小時。 【歸納拓展】 與take有關(guān)的其他短語： take care of照顧　　　　take it easy別著急 take out取出 take part in參加 take in吸收；領(lǐng)會 take place發(fā)生 take down拆除；往下拽；記錄 take away拿走 take after(外貌或行為)像(父或母) take up(尤指為消遣)學著做；開始做 ( C )1.(xx本溪中考改編)—When will the plane ______？ —At 2：00 this afternoon. A．cut off B．put off C．take off ( B )2.In some Asian countries，it is good manners to ______ your shoes before you go into a house. A．get off B．take off C．turn off 　Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.卡門喜歡能演奏不同類型樂曲的音樂家。(教材九年級P66) 【滿分點撥】 (1)該句是一個復合句，其中who是關(guān)系代詞，引導的從句是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞(先行詞)musicians；關(guān)系代詞who在定語從句中作主語，不能省略。 (2)辨析關(guān)系代詞that，who與which 關(guān)系代詞 先行詞 在從句中的作用 that 指物或指人 作主語或賓語 who 指人 作主語或賓語 which 指物 作主語或賓語 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語動詞要與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致 ( A )1.(xx邵陽中考)The man ______ is talking to my math teacher is my father. A．who B．which C．what ( C )2.(xx隨州中考改編)—What are you looking for？【考點?】 —Im looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week. A． who B．what C．that 隨堂知識鞏固 單項選擇。 ( C )1.(貴陽背景特色題)Guiyang is such a beautiful city and its really worth ______ it.【考點?】 A．visit B．to visit C．visiting ( B )2.(xx欽州四模改編)—Could you give me a few ______ on how to spend the coming summer holiday? —OK.Let me see. A．hobbies B．suggestions C．information ( B )3.(貴陽模擬)“Alice，would you like to go hiking with us？” “What a pity！I am free every day ______ today.”【考點?】 A．for B．except C．besides ( C )4.(xx宜昌中考改編)—The best ______ to come to Yichang is spring. —I think so.The green water and green mountains are unforgettable. A．environment　　　　B．temperature C．season ( B )5.(xx百色中考改編)—Its hot today，isnt it？【考點?】 —Yes，it is.Why not ______ your jacket? A．take care B．take off C．take place ( C )6.(xx湘西中考)—What kind of teachers do you like，John？【考點?】 —I like the teachers ______ are friendly to us. A． which B．whose C．who 高頻話題寫作指導 做文明少年(社會行為) ◆話題解讀 精神文明建設(shè)需要從學生開始抓起，因此培養(yǎng)學生的文明素養(yǎng)在當代教育中顯得尤為重要。以“做文明少年或創(chuàng)建文明城市”為主題的書面表達常以說明和闡明自己的觀點相結(jié)合的方式撰寫。說明文應(yīng)寫出文明少年應(yīng)該做什么和不應(yīng)該做什么。闡明自己的觀點要講明做文明少年的重要性。 從命題角度上來看：該話題是中考?？荚掝}“社會行為”。通常從以下角度來命題：1.如何成為合格/文明的中學生/市民(如xx黔東南中考)；2.如何創(chuàng)建文明校園/城市(如xx安順中考)。 從作文類型上來看：屬于說明文類型。學生通過對身邊各種文明現(xiàn)象和不文明現(xiàn)象的描述， 從而對文明現(xiàn)象進行倡導，對不文明現(xiàn)象進行批判。 從作文內(nèi)容上來看：以“做文明少年”為主題的書面表達通常有兩種寫作形式： 1．對現(xiàn)象進行客觀分析，并闡明自己的觀點； 2．倡議書。發(fā)出倡議，禁止不文明現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。 ◆核心詞匯和句型 1．詞匯 jump the queue 插隊 be polite to 對……有禮貌 be friendly to 對……友好 cross the road 過馬路 traffic lights 交通燈 get on well with 與……相處得好 offer a seat to…主動給……讓座 keep a promise 遵守諾言 stay clean 保持整潔 obey the traffic rules遵守交通規(guī)則 walk on the zebra crossing 走斑馬線 in public 在公共場合 obey the school rules 遵守校規(guī) care for…關(guān)心…… save energy 節(jié)約能源 teamwork 團隊合作 2．句型 …is now making its effort to become a national civilized city.……現(xiàn)在正在努力創(chuàng)建全國文明城市。 Recently the activity，“Building Harmonious Society and Safe School”，has been on in…近來，……已經(jīng)開展“構(gòu)建和諧社會，共創(chuàng)平安校園”的活動。 The activity of being a good student and good citizen has been held in… “做好學生和文明市民”的活動已經(jīng)在……開展。 ◆典例剖析 今年是貴陽市創(chuàng)建全國文明城市關(guān)鍵的一年。作為中學生，我們應(yīng)該積極參與。請根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇80詞左右的短文。 內(nèi)容要點： 1．尊敬老師，對人禮貌； 2．幫助他人，友善待人； 3．遵守交通規(guī)則，過馬路走斑馬線，不闖紅燈； 4．保護環(huán)境，不亂扔垃圾； 5．可適當發(fā)揮。 【審題指導】該書面表達以創(chuàng)建文明城市為背景，故第一個句子應(yīng)該結(jié)合這一背景撰寫。在詳寫要點之前要注意短文的銜接和過渡。作為中學生，我們應(yīng)積極參與。這就是需要拓展的要點。最后，加上自己的觀點，并發(fā)出號召。 【寫作導圖】 Be a Student with Good MannersReason→to build a civilized city Suggestions→respect teachers， help others， obey the traffic rules， protect the environment Summary→Lets try our best to make it a civilized city. 【參考范文】 Guiyang is now making its effort to become a national civilized city.As students，what should we do? We must respect our teachers and be polite to others.We should also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us.Besides，we must obey the traffic rules.When crossing the road，we should walk on the zebra crossing.And we mustnt go across the road when the traffic lights are red.Whats more，we should protect our environment.For example，we mustnt step on the grass or climb the trees.Litter mustnt be thrown everywhere. In my opinion，we shouldnt talk loudly in public and we should keep our city clean.Guiyang is our hometown.Lets try our best to make it a civilized city. 【名師點評】因文章主體是寫建議，所以這篇短文運用了大量的情態(tài)動詞，如must，should，mustnt。同時，短語的靈活運用為文章增色不少，如make its effort，be friendly to，go across，try our best等。學習過程中，要注意總結(jié)、牢記一些固定句式及短語，寫作時就可以適當引用，使文章的表達更有邏輯性，更富有條理。 ◆自我測評 假如你要接受一家報社采訪，記者提出的問題是“How can you be a good teenager？”。請根據(jù)下面所給提示及要求，準備一篇應(yīng)答稿。 要點： 1．What should you do at school? 2．What can you do to give help at home? 3．What should you do in public? 4．80詞左右，文章開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Well，to be a good teenager，　at school，we should study hard and get on well with our classmates and teachers.We should respect our teachers and be polite to them.At home，we should do what we can to help our parents.Dont complain too much.We should also keep healthy by exercising and eating healthy food.In public，we should follow the public rules.We should play a role in protecting the environment. If we can do these all，we will become useful people wherever we are.　________________________________________________________________________