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Unit 2 Working the land 高考試卷分塊專練 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A A couple of months ago, we were in a hurry to get somewhere, but it seemed that my 6yearold daughter had an instinctive (本能的) capacity to slow things down. In response I had bee impatient, frustrated and unkind. As I unloaded my apology, she said, “Mom, its OK. Youve never been a mom before. This is your first time. Youre just trying. Its OK.” Her response made me feel ashamed. She had been able to give me what I had refused to give her just moments before — mercy, understanding and sympathy. And I needed it. We all do. In fact, there may be nothing more needed today in our nation and munities. Its no wonder that former Westboro Baptist Church member Megan has transformed her idea. She spent 20 years representing her familys beliefs with messages of hate towards blacks, Jews and those who support abortion. When she finally started being able to engage in (參與) civil dialog with her “enemies”， she found that “people on the other side were not the ones I had been led to believe ...” Finally, she left the faith of her family. What surprised her most was the forgiveness and understanding she experienced from those who had been her former “enemies”． My experience with my daughter teaches me that the ability to engage “with the other”， to form a judgment, to avoid tough judgements, and to show sympathy is learned first, and practiced best, at home — even if, as in my case, it is my children who teach me the lesson. Researchers believe the key to developing those abilities in our children lies in how we respond to their feelings, especially the negative ones. We should all make efforts to create a world where we are all better able to take the perspective (觀點) of others, stay away from tough judgments and recognize and respect the humanity in the souls around us. This desire makes my own struggling to be better worth all the efforts every day. 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了作者在對女兒道歉時，受到女兒回答的影響，意識到我們需要同情和理解對方。 1．What did the author think of her daughters reaction? A．Her daughter was not so kind. B．Her daughter did better than her. C．Her daughters words annoyed her. D．Her daughter should make an apology. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中作者對女兒道歉時女兒的答語可知B項正確。 2．The author mentions the example of Megan in order to ________. A．show that blacks and Jews are treated unfairly B．judge whether what Megan did was right or not C．show that there are no forever enemies in our life D．prove that people should show understanding to each other　 解析：選D　推理判斷題。作者列舉梅甘的例子是為了證明自己前面提到的以及后面還要重復強調的觀點，即我們要學會站在對方的角度去看待問題，亦即人們之間要互相理解。 3．Why did Megan change her attitude towards her former “enemies”？ A．Because she forgave them at last. B．Because she knew them better later. C．Because she made herself understood by them. D．Because she felt great sympathy towards them. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內容可知，梅甘之所以把那些人當成敵人，是因為她并沒有真正了解那些人，后來通過了解之后發(fā)現(xiàn)他們并不是自己以前認為的那樣。 4．Whats the authors attitude toward our future? A．Hopeful.　　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Worried. 解析：選A　觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段作者說我們要努力創(chuàng)造一個更好地對待別人的世界，遠離不公正的判斷和尊重周圍的人可以看出，作者對未來是抱有希望的。 B (2018太原一模)Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadnt really done anything yet. I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friends mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didnt want to intrude (打擾) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it. Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive. In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better. 語篇解讀：本文主要講述了“我”通過一些活動意識到“到場”的重要意義。 5．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author? A．He built shelters for them. B．He gave immediate first aid to them. C．He came to stay with them. D．He brought mental health professionals. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知，因為“我”在他們受災時和他們在一起，所以他們感激“我”，故C項正確。 6．What did the author do when his friends mother passed away? A．He hesitated over whether to go. B．He went to his friends at once. C．He knew what to do instantly. D．He decided not to disturb his friend. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately ...I was torn about what to do.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打擾朋友，據(jù)此可知，當朋友的母親去世時，“我”猶豫是否要去朋友那里。 7．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Heavy but warm. B．A little sad but cosy. C．Relaxing and delightful. D．Very serious and unhappy. 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“His family, playing guitars and singing”可知，男青年的家人在彈奏吉他并唱歌；結合畫線詞所在句中的“However ...no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying”可以判斷，在家人的陪伴下，氣氛并不悲傷和嚴肅，據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“嚴肅的”，故D項正確。 8．What has the author learned from his experience? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Being present can make a big difference. C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life. D．Being a volunteer can make ones life more significant. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的前兩句“In my life, I am repeatedly ...are truly alone.”并結合第二段的第一句可知，從自己的經(jīng)歷中“我”意識到了“到場”的重要意義，故B項正確。 C Square foot gardening is a type of gardening made popular by Mel Bartholemew.It is based on the idea that the wide rows in traditional gardening are a waste of time, work, water and area.It shows that quality vegetables can be grown in less space with less work.In this method, the garden space is divided into “beds”．Each bed is 4’4’(16 sq ft) (120cm120cm, 1.4m2)．The beds are separated by paths (小路)．These beds are further divided into squares of about one square foot.mon spacing is one plant per square for larger plants such as broccoli, four per square for medium large plants like lettuce, nine per square for medium small plants like spinach, and sixteen per square for small plants such as onions and carrots.The weeds (雜草) are removed from the beds and the plants are watered from the paths.This stops the soil from being pacted (壓緊)． Benefits of square foot gardening： Much less work.Normal gardening needs heavy tools to loosen the soil.In this method, the soil is never pacted and it remains loose. Water savings.The loose ground holds the water better.This type of garden needs water less often than other methods.Also, water is placed very near the plant roots.Less water is wasted. Very few weeds.The vegetables form a living mulch (覆蓋物) and shade out many weeds before they can start to grow. Pesticides (殺蟲劑) are not needed.Natural ways to keep pests away work very well in a close space.Many different types of plants in a small area also stop plant diseases from spreading easily. 語篇解讀：本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了平方尺菜園的操作方法和益處。 9．Why does square foot gardening bee popular? A．It makes full use of space. B．It is suggested by Mel Bartholemew. C．It provides more vegetables for people. D．It produces vegetables of higher quality. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“It shows that quality vegetables can be grown in less space with less work.”可知，平方尺菜園能夠充分利用空間。 10．Why is the gardening called square foot gardening? A．Because vegetables are grown in the squares. B．Because you can grow vegetables anywhere by using it. C．Because the smallest bed in it is only one square foot. D．Because the places where vegetables are grown are too small. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)其名稱和第一段的“These beds are further divided into squares of about one square foot.”可知正確答案。 11．What can we infer from the text? A．Loose soil is good for plant growth. B．Onions and carrots need more space. C．pacted soil is important to some plants. D．Square foot gardening needs some heavy tools. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話和下文“Normal gardening needs heavy tools to loosen the soil.”可知，松散的土壤有利于植物的生長。 12．Why are there fewer weeds in square foot gardening? A．Because weed killers are used. B．Because weeds cant get sunlight. C．Because weeds are short of water. D．Because weeds have been removed. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。從Benefits of square foot gardening的第三條可知，蔬菜遮住了雜草的陽光，因為見不到陽光，所以雜草很少。 D (2018濟南高考模擬)I used to believe courtesy was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I encountered a courteous human being in this modern era. Recently, I had to change my thinking, when I came face to face with just such a human being in a coffee place, with my two daughters. The place was crowded as usual and we had to climb steep (陡的) stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the narrow stairs, where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or e down. Just as I was in the middle of the stairs, a man entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase (樓梯). I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up. I kept ing down as fast as I could. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs, knowing I was a nervous sort. Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back, thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad that we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up. Such well mannered people are hard to find these days when pushing is very mon in our advanced but aggressive society. We applauded for his chivalry (彬彬有禮)． 語篇解讀：在這個忙碌的現(xiàn)代社會，彬彬有禮、體貼他人的品質變得尤為珍貴。作者講述了自己經(jīng)歷的一件事情，并贊揚了這種良好的品質。 13．What is the meaning of the underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 1? A．A brave action. B．Sacrifice spirit. C．A considerate action. D．Selfish behavior. 解析：選C　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文故事中的男人為作者讓路并且開門可推測出，這是一種體貼的行為，故選C項。 14．What did the author think of the man at the first sight of him？　 A．He was in a hurry. B．He would wait for her. C．He would pass her rudely. D．He was a man with good manners. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I was sure I would be pushed roughly by this man going up.”可知，作者本認為這個男人會粗魯?shù)財D開她上樓梯，故選C項。 15．What can we learn about the man from Paragraph 4? A．He might be a waiter of the caf. B．He might have an urgent business to do. C．He loved a daughter of the author. D．He would hold the door open for all. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time.”以及下文談到她們都來不及對那個男人說一聲謝謝可推知，那個男人上樓梯，一次上兩級臺階，應該是有急事要做，故選B項。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2018鄭州市第一次質量預測) Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy? Psychologists (心理學家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isnt merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers. Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers — something they typically avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected. Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (服務員) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were not approached. __4__ In one study, people who were rated “l(fā)ess curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges. __5__ A．The same is true of gallery goers. B．But dont play down small talk just yet. C．They found that small talk is related to happiness. D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey. E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations. F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”． G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger. 語篇解讀：本文主要講述了聊天會讓人開心。 1．選B　根據(jù)上文的“In one study, researchers ... related to happiness.”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding.”可知，空格前后表示轉折關系，所以選B項“但是，不要貶低聊天的重要性”。 2．選D　根據(jù)下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected.”可推知，應選D項。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客說旅途更加愉快。 3．選A　根據(jù)下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，應選A項。參觀美術館的人也有同樣的感受。 4．選G　根據(jù)本段中對兩類人的介紹可推知，有些人更擅長把聊天話題擴大，所以選G項。 5．選F　根據(jù)上文的“But people who were ... into personal exchanges.”可推知，具有好奇心的人會與他人進行積極的社交互動，所以選F項。