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Unit 1 A land of diversity 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢) [第一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 1．strait n．　　　　　 海峽 2．Arctic adj. 北極的；北極區(qū)的 3．the Arctic 北極 4．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé) 5．federal adj. 聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第二屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 6．nephew n．　　 　　 侄子；外甥 7．a(chǎn)ircraft n. 飛行器；航空器；飛機(jī) 8．vice n．& adj. 代理；副職 9．shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃 10．tram n. (有軌)電車(chē) 11．bakery n. 面包房；面包廠(chǎng)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第三屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 12．ferry n．　　　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 擺渡；渡運(yùn) 13．seagull n. 海鷗 14．cattle n. 牛(總稱(chēng)) 15．mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 16．a(chǎn)uthority n. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力 (pl.) 當(dāng)局；官方　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英) [第四屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 1．distinct adj.　　 　 清晰的；明顯的；明確的 2．distinction_ n. 差別；區(qū)分；卓著 3．immigrant n. (從外國(guó)移入的)移民 4．immigrate vi. 移入(外國(guó)定居) 5．immigration n. 移民；移居入境 6．means_ n. 手段；方法 7．majority_ n. 大多數(shù)；大半　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第五屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 8．despite prep.　　　 盡管；不管 9．hardship n. 苦難；困苦 10．elect vt. 選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人 11．boom n. (人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮 vi. 處于經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展時(shí)期 12．racial adj. 人種的；種族的 13．crossing n. 橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第六屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 14．rail n．　　 　　　 鐵路；扶手；(護(hù)欄的)橫條 15．percentage n. 百分比；百分率 16．pole n. 地極；電極；磁極 17．a(chǎn)pplicant n. 申請(qǐng)人 18．customs n. 海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進(jìn)口稅 19．socialist n. 社會(huì)主義者；社會(huì)黨人 adj. 社會(huì)主義者的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第七屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 20．socialism n．　　　 社會(huì)主義 21．occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) 22．indicate vt. 指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示 23．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage) 24．a(chǎn)pparent adj. 顯而易見(jiàn)的；顯然的；表面上的 25．a(chǎn)pparently adv. 顯然地；顯而易見(jiàn)地 26．brake n. 閘；剎車(chē)；制動(dòng)器 vi.&vt. 剎(車(chē))；用制動(dòng)器減速　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第八屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 27．conductor n．　　　 (公車(chē))售票員；列車(chē)員；(樂(lè)隊(duì))指揮 28．slip vi. 滑動(dòng)；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑動(dòng)；滑倒 29．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 30．fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 31．a(chǎn)ngle n. 角；角度 32．nowhere adv. 無(wú)處；到處都無(wú)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第九屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 33．punishment n．　　 處罰；懲罰 34．justice n. 正義；公平 35．civil adj. 公民的；國(guó)內(nèi)的；民間的 36．reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良 37．grasp vt.& n. 抓?。蛔ゾo；掌握；領(lǐng)會(huì) 38．thoughtful adj. 關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第十屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 39．insert vt.　　　　　 插入；嵌入 40．thankful adj. 感激的；感謝的 41．a(chǎn)_great/good_many 許多；很多 42．keep_up 堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等) 43．live_on 繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存 44．by_means_of_... 用……辦法；借助……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 [第十一屏聽(tīng)寫(xiě)] 45．make_a_life　　　　 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等 46．back_to_back 背靠背 47．a(chǎn)pply_for 申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)示得到 48．mark_out 用線(xiàn)畫(huà)出范圍；標(biāo)出……界線(xiàn) 49．take_in 包括；吸收 50．team_up_with 與……合作或一起工作 二、刷清單—— (一)核心單詞 閱讀單詞 1.strait n．　　　海峽 2．Arctic adj. 北極的；北極區(qū)的 3．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全體)牧師；牧師的職責(zé) 4．shave v. 刮；剃 5．vice n．& adj. 代理；副職 6.federal adj.聯(lián)邦制的；聯(lián)邦政府的 7．a(chǎn)ircraft n. 飛行器；航空器；飛機(jī) 8．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 9．tram n. (有軌)電車(chē) 10．cattle n. 牛(總稱(chēng)) 11．bakery n. 面包房；面包廠(chǎng) 12.ferry n．　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 擺渡；渡運(yùn) 13．seagull n. 海鷗 14．mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 15．a(chǎn)uthority n. 權(quán)威；權(quán)力 　　　(pl.) 當(dāng)局；官方 表達(dá)單詞 1.rail n．　　　　　　　　　　鐵路；扶手；(護(hù)欄的)橫條 2．hardship n. 苦難；困苦 3．occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) 4．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage) 5．thankful adj. 感激的；感謝的 6．boom n. (人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮 vi. 處于經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展時(shí)期 7．a(chǎn)ngle n. 角；角度 8．civil adj. 公民的；國(guó)內(nèi)的；民間的 9．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 10．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓緊；掌握；領(lǐng)會(huì) 11．thoughtful adj. 關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的 12．reform v. 改革；革新 　　 n. 改革；改造；改良 13．despite prep. 盡管；不管 14．nowhere adv. 無(wú)處；到處都無(wú) 15．brake n. 閘；剎車(chē)；制動(dòng)器 v. 剎(車(chē))；用制動(dòng)器減速 16．pole n. 地極；電極；磁極 17．fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 18．justice n. 正義；公平 19．insert vt. 嵌入；插入 [語(yǔ)境活用] 1．I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_ (發(fā)生) in your shop. 2．As hiring (雇傭) has bee more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process. 3．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁榮) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%. 4．Reforming (改革) the education system will be a difficult procedure. 5．Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed. 6．Despite_ (盡管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies. 7．Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question. 8．Its thoughtful (體貼的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event. 9．A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without plaining. 拓 展 單 詞 1.distinct adj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的→distinction n．差別；區(qū)分；卓著 2．immigrate vi.移入(外國(guó)定居)→immigrant n．(從外國(guó)移入的)移民 →immigration n．移民；移居入境 3．means n．方法；手段→ mean_ v．意思是；意味著 adj.吝嗇的；卑鄙的→meaning n．意思 4．majority n．大多數(shù)；大半→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．專(zhuān)業(yè)→minority n．少數(shù) 5．elect vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人→election n．選舉 6．percentage n．百分比；百分率→percent_ adj.百分之……的 7．racial adj.人種的；種族的→race n．種族；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 8．crossing n．橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道→cross n．十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生氣的 v．使交叉；橫過(guò)→across prep.在……的對(duì)面(過(guò)) 9．a(chǎn)pplicant n．申請(qǐng)人→apply vi.申請(qǐng)→application n．申請(qǐng)書(shū)；申請(qǐng) 10．customs n．海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進(jìn)口稅→customer n．顧客 11．socialist n．社會(huì)主義者；社會(huì)黨人 adj.社會(huì)主義者的→_society n．社會(huì)→social adj.社會(huì)的→socialism n．社會(huì)主義 12．indicate vt.指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示→indication n．跡象；標(biāo)示→indicator n．指示器；指示信號(hào) 13．a(chǎn)pparent adj.顯而易見(jiàn)的；顯然的；表面上的→apparently adv.顯然地；顯而易見(jiàn)地 14．conductor n．(公車(chē))售票員；列車(chē)員；(樂(lè)隊(duì))指揮→conduct v．管理 15．slip vi.滑動(dòng)；滑行；滑跤 n．滑動(dòng)；滑倒 →slippery adj.滑的 16．punishment n．懲罰；處罰→punish vt.懲罰；處罰 [語(yǔ)境活用] 1．—What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？　 —It_means “this side up”．(mean) 2．Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent) 3．Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect) 4．He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate) 5．All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply) 6．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority) 7．“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross) 8．If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom) 9．Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society) (二)常用短語(yǔ) 寫(xiě)準(zhǔn)記牢 語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空) 1.live_on　　　　　　　繼續(xù)存在；繼續(xù)生存 2．mark_out 標(biāo)出……界線(xiàn)；用線(xiàn)畫(huà)出范圍 3．a(chǎn)pply_for 申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)示得到 4．take_in 包括；吸收；欺騙；理解 5．keep_up 堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等) 6．make_a_life 習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等 7．back_to_back 背靠背 8．by_means_of_... 用……辦法；借助…… 9．a(chǎn)_great/good_many 許多；很多 10．team_up_with 與……合作或一起工作 1.I would like to apply_for admission to the English Club of our school. 2．As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind. 3．A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns. 4．If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better. 5．These teenagers dont know much of the world yet; thats why they are so easily taken_in. (三)經(jīng)典句式 原句背誦 句式解構(gòu) 佳句仿寫(xiě) 1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。 it is likely that ...“有可能……”。 對(duì)我們學(xué)生而言參觀(guān)長(zhǎng)城有可能是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。 It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience. 2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 那就是今天有超過(guò)40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語(yǔ)作為第一或第二語(yǔ)言的原因。 That/This is why ...“那/這就是……的原因”。 那就是我認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)江這條旅游線(xiàn)路會(huì)是一個(gè)更好選擇的原因。(2017北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) Thats_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice. 3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國(guó)籍的混合將會(huì)非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯的、主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。 It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞＋that從句。 人們認(rèn)為不吃早飯的青少年不僅容易在課上睡覺(jué)而且也不能專(zhuān)心聽(tīng)課，這自然會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們?cè)诳荚囍械某煽?jī)不好。 Its_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course, results in their bad performance in exam. 一、過(guò)重點(diǎn)單詞—— 1．majority n．大多數(shù)；大半 [教材原句]　Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責(zé)是向原住民傳授天主教。 (1)a/the majority of ...　　　 大多數(shù)…… in the/a majority 占多數(shù) (2)major n．& v. 主修；專(zhuān)業(yè) major in 主修……；以……為專(zhuān)業(yè) (3)minority n. 少數(shù) in the/a minority 占少數(shù) [多角練透] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans. ②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far. 單句改錯(cuò) ③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in 補(bǔ)全句子 ④The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority. 在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而土著人占少數(shù)。 [名師指津]　the majority of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；后接集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若集合名詞視為整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，若集合名詞考慮個(gè)體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 2．elect vt.選擇；決定做某事；選舉某人 [教材原句]　By the time California elected to bee the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society. 到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國(guó)第31個(gè)州的時(shí)候，它已經(jīng)是一個(gè)有著多種文化的社會(huì)了。 (1)elect sb. (as/to be)＋職位 ＝sb. be elected (as/to be)＋職位(職位前無(wú)冠詞) (2)election n．　　　　　　選舉 [題點(diǎn)全練]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①Besides, I have such a good mand of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015陜西高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) ②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students afterclass activities. 3．occur vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn) [經(jīng)典例句]　It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed. 我突然想起他也許對(duì)我們討論過(guò)的那個(gè)問(wèn)題感興趣。 sth. occurs to sb.　　　　　　 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ...　 某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事 [多角練透] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home. →It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home. 4．hire n．& vt.租用；雇用 [教材原句]　Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. 同酒店里的一對(duì)夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一輛小汽車(chē)。 (1)on hire　　　　　　　　 出租 for hire 可供出租 (2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把……租出去(給某人) [題點(diǎn)全練]　單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①There are many bicycles on hire in this area. ②There are three small boats available for hire. ③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didnt need it himself. Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．When it es to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 2．She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate. 3．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 4．With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature. 5．The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)． 6．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion. 7．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening. 8．Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs. 9．Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically. 10．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.has→have 2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were 3．Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thank→thankful 4．We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of 5．In fact, I didnt realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the 6．There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywhere→nowhere 7．I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for 8．With the boomed population, the petition is heating up for job hunters.boomed→booming Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞補(bǔ)全句子 1．鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地?fù)碜o(hù)為孩子們建造運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃。(majority) The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children. 2．她被選入樂(lè)隊(duì)，不是因?yàn)樗利?，而是因?yàn)樗幸魳?lè)天賦。(elect) She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music. 3．邁克爾有一天能成為班里的一名優(yōu)秀生這樣的情況一次也沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。(occur) Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day bee a top student in his class. 4．人類(lèi)會(huì)為他們破壞森林的行為而受到處罰。(punish) The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forestdestroying activities. 二、過(guò)短語(yǔ)、句式—— 1．by means of通過(guò)；用……辦法；借助…… [教材原句]　Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些遷居者通過(guò)一條史前時(shí)代曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達(dá)美洲。 by this means　　　　　 用這種方法 by all means 當(dāng)然可以；沒(méi)問(wèn)題 by no means 決不；一點(diǎn)也不(放句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序) [多角練透] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more. ②Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking. 單句改錯(cuò) ③Without knowledge, by no means we achieve our life goal.we前加can 2．make a life習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生 [教材原句]　Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. 有些人死了或回家了，但是大多數(shù)人留在加利福尼亞謀生，盡管困難重重。 (1)make/earn a/ones living 謀生 (2)live/lead a ...life 過(guò)著……生活 e (back) to life 蘇醒；變得活躍；恢復(fù)生氣 bring ...back to life 使……蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)；給……活力 [多角練透] 單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living. 同義替換 ②Happy is the man who can make a living (＝make_a_life) by his hobby. 補(bǔ)全句子 ③When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there. 當(dāng)愛(ài)麗絲蘇醒時(shí)，她不知道她已經(jīng)在那兒躺了多久。 3．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺騙；收留 [教材原句]　Its a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. 這是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了所有著名的旅游景點(diǎn)。 [一詞多義]　寫(xiě)出下列句中take in的含義 ①The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留 ②While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收 ③The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括 ④Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺騙 ⑤Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解 [歸納拓展] take off　　　　 脫去(衣服等)；(飛機(jī)等)起飛；成功 take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān) take up 拿起；開(kāi)始從事；占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等) take over 接收；接管；接任；取代 ⑥Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output. 為了增加產(chǎn)量，我們廠(chǎng)下個(gè)月將再雇用20名工人。 4．This/That is why ...“這/那就是……的原因” That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 那就是今天有超過(guò)40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語(yǔ)作為第一或第二語(yǔ)言的原因。 this/that is because ...　　　 這/那是因?yàn)椤? this is the reason why ... 這就是……的原因 the reason why ...is that ... ……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句) the reason that ... is ... ……的原因是……(that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句) ①Thats why more and more people in China are interested in learning English. 那就是越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)人對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)感興趣的原因。 ②From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013安徽高考單選) 從太空中看，地球是藍(lán)色的。這是因?yàn)樗砻婕s百分之七十一都被水覆蓋著。 ③The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up. 他取得那么大的成功的原因是他從不放棄。 Ⅰ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選用合適的短語(yǔ)填空 1．The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out. 2．It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience. 3．By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails. 4．In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation. 5．Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying_for_ a job in the pany. 6．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else. 7．It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame. 8．After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them. 9．To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them. 10．Its said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves. Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day. →It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day. 2．They are likely to be fired by the pany because of their fault. →It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the pany because of their fault. 3．If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician. →Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician. 4．The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was trapped in a traffic jam. →Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and thats_why_he_was_late_for the meeting. 5．We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors. →We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全(或翻譯)句子 1．人們認(rèn)為沒(méi)有什么人能夠在那樣的環(huán)境中生存下來(lái)。(it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句) It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that. 2．科學(xué)家們最終到達(dá)了所謂的北極。(what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句) The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic. 3．與整個(gè)地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一點(diǎn)也不大。(過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) pared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 4．我獲悉了你對(duì)英語(yǔ)校報(bào)的改革方案，那就是我寫(xiě)信發(fā)表觀(guān)點(diǎn)的原因。(why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句) I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats_why_Im_writing_to_voice_my_opinion. 5．他們很可能更理解我們，給我們一些合理的建議。(be likely that ...) It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice. 三、過(guò)語(yǔ)法、寫(xiě)作—— (一)單元小語(yǔ)法——復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ) Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. 2．Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is. 3．Whoever es will be wele to the openair concert. 4．Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains. 5．I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything. 6．Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation. 7．He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldnt agree to the plan. 8．I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know is which it is. 9．I failed in the exam.It is because I didnt prepare for it. 10．He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．That he wants to tell us is not clear.That→What 2．It is required students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays.required后加that 3．Who es to the party will receive a present.Who→Whoever 4．The reason why Alan was late was because he missed the early bus.because→that 5．It doesnt matter if or not Lydia will e.if→whether 6．Id like to start my own business — that is why Id do if had the money.why→what 7．What his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. What→That 8．Nobody is sure that humans will look like in a million years.that→what Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全或翻譯句子(注意使用名詞性從句) 1．月球上有沒(méi)有生命是個(gè)有趣的問(wèn)題。 Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question. 2．我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。 We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing. 3．他本希望以更低的價(jià)格得到那部手機(jī)。那就是他上當(dāng)?shù)脑颉? He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in. 4．英語(yǔ)老師要求我們?cè)谧x課文時(shí)畫(huà)出我們認(rèn)為重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。 Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text. 5．最讓我印象深刻的是他首次嘗試就通過(guò)了駕駛考試。 What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt. (二)課堂微寫(xiě)作練縮寫(xiě)——讓語(yǔ)言更凝練 [題目要求] 假定你是李華，你的加拿大筆友Peter發(fā)來(lái)Email說(shuō)，今年暑假，他想選擇中國(guó)的某個(gè)村莊來(lái)體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活，希望你能介紹一個(gè)理想的地方。請(qǐng)把下面的習(xí)作縮寫(xiě)成100詞左右的短文，給Peter發(fā)一封電子郵件，用英語(yǔ)介紹描述該村莊的具體地理位置，并簡(jiǎn)要介紹其歷史和發(fā)展變化。注意保留加黑部分。 Dear Peter， Im glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. Id like to introduce my hometown to you. I really wish you can enjoy it. My hometown lies in a mountainous area, and to the north of it is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants, fresh air and clear water. In the south of our village runs a small river, in which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees. There are many old and interesting houses and yards as well as some modern buildings in our village, and I think you will love it. Great changes have taken pla