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2019-2020年外研版高中英語選修7《Module 1 Basketball》（Period 3）word教案 ■ Goal ● Learn conversion and suffix ▇ Procedures Step 1: conversion 詞性轉化 “Conversion” (called sometimes “full conversion”) is a word-formation process by which a word is altered from one part of speech into another without the addition (or deletion) of any morpheme. 詞性轉化指的是單詞從一個詞類轉到另一個詞類而不發(fā)生詞形變化。 1. noun →verb paper―to paper the room mouth―to mouth some phrase shoulder―to shoulder the heavy load bandage―to bandage the leg 2. verb→noun to say something―to have a say to show ―to give a show to feel ―to have a feel to lead―to take a lead 3. adj.→verb empty―to empty the bag wrong ―to wrong somebody slow― to slow down better―to better your study 4. adv.→verb back―to back a car down―to down a plane near― to near the temple forward― to forward a message 5. adj.→ noun. calm― a calm on the sea high― a new high of the industry good― a lot of good right― to tell from right to wrong Step 2: suffix 后綴 構詞法包括合成、派生、轉化和縮寫簡寫。詞綴是派生的一部分。 The basic part of any word is the root; to it, you can add a prefix at the beginning and/or a suffix at the end to change the meaning. For example, in the word “unflattering,” the root is simply “flatter,” while the prefix “un-” makes the word negative, and the suffix “-ing” changes it from a verb into an adjective (specifically, a participle). English itself does not use prefixes as heavily as it once did, but many English words e from Latin, which uses prefixes and suffixes (you can use the word affix to refer either to a prefix or a suffix) quite extensively. For example, the words “prefix,” “suffix,” and “affix” themselves are all formed from “fix” by the use of prefixes: “ad” (to) + “fix” (attached) = “affix” “pre” (before) + “fix” = “prefix” “sub” (under) + “fix” = “suffix” Note that both the “-d” of “ad” and the “-b” of “sub” change the last letter. Here are some of the most mon Latin prefixes (for the meanings of the Latin roots, look up the words in a good dictionary): ab (away) abrupt, absent, absolve ad (to) adverb, advertisement, afflict in (not) incapable, indecisive, intolerable inter (between, among) intercept, interdependent, interprovincial intra (within) intramural, intrapersonal, intraprovincial pre (before) prefabricate, preface prefer post (after) postpone, postscript, postwar sub (under) submarine, subscription, suspect trans (across) transfer, transit, translate Affixes Morphemes added to free forms to make other free forms are called affixes. There are three principle kinds of affixes: 1. prefixes (at beginning) — “un-” in “unable” 2. suffixes (at end) — “-ed” in “walked” 3. circumfixes (at both ends) — “en—en” in “enlighten” (These always seem to consist of otherwise attested independent prefixes and suffixes.)