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精編優(yōu)選練(六)“語法填空＋短文改錯(cuò)”組合練6 (限時(shí)：30分鐘) [題組一] Ⅰ.語法填空 The saying “l(fā)ast man standing” refers to a(n) 1.____________ (pete), contest, or other situation where the field of participants is narrowed until only a single individual remains. Occasionally, the term may be used to describe a winning couple or team rather 2.____________ an individual. The exact origins of the term are 3.____________ (certain). Some believe the term 4.____________ (original) applied to the last boxer to remain during a match. Others claim the term came from oldfashioned spelling bees, where participants either gave up 5.____________ were judged “out” and asked to sit. Perhaps the most wide use of the term is in connection with a tontine (聯(lián)合養(yǎng)老制), an agreement in 6.____________ a number of persons collectively own something of value, often land. Interest in a tontine cannot 7.____________ (pass) to another party, so the last man standing, in this case the last person alive gets the entire interest. Throughout history, tontines have been dangerous investments (投資)． Today, the term is used in a number of 8.____________ (situation). It may refer to the winner in any 9.____________ (give) contest. It may even refer to the last person 10.____________ (continue) his attempt to achieve a goal after the others have given up. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“l(fā)ast man standing”這個(gè)習(xí)語的意義、起源及用法。 1．解析：考查名詞。設(shè)空處作短語動詞refers to的賓語，且前面有冠詞限定，故填petition。 答案：petition　 2．解析：考查固定搭配。rather than意為“而非，而不是”，故填than。 答案：than　 3．解析：考查形容詞作表語的用法。由下文可知，這個(gè)表達(dá)確切的起源時(shí)間是不確定的，故填uncertain。 答案：uncertain　 4．解析：考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾短語動詞applied to，故填originally。 答案：originally　 5．解析：考查連詞。either...or...意為“要么……要么……”。 答案：or　 6．解析：考查關(guān)系代詞。in與設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞agreement，故填which。 答案：which　 7．解析：考查被動語態(tài)。pass和Interest in a tontine之間是動賓關(guān)系，且設(shè)空前有cannot，故填be passed。 答案：be passed　 8．解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。由a number of可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填situations。 答案：situations　 9．解析：考查形容詞作定語的用法。given在此意為“特定的”。 答案：given　 10．解析：考查動詞不定式作定語的用法。設(shè)空處作the last person的后置定語，故填to continue。 答案：to continue　 Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) David， Sorry to learn that youve put on weight. Eat too much junk food in McDonalds and KFC must be the reason，I guess. You have to realize that food is not always as health as what was said in the advertisements. If you know more about them, we will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt. They can make you to gain weight and bee sick. What you ought to have every day are cereal, noodles, rice，fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food. Energygiving food, bodybuilding food and protective food makes up a balance diet. In word, you must have an idea of how a healthy diet should be and stick to it. I hope my advices can help you improve your health. Yours， Li Hua 答案： David， Sorry to learn that youve put on weight. too much junk food in McDonalds and KFC must be the reason，I guess. You have to realize that food is not always as as what said in the advertisements. If you know more about them, will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt. They can make you gain weight and bee sick. What you ought to have every day are cereal, noodles, rice，fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food. Energygiving food, bodybuilding food and protective food up a diet. In word, you must have an idea of a healthy diet should be and stick to it. I hope my can help you improve your health. Yours， Li Hua [題組二] Ⅰ.語法填空 I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai. But instead of focusing on my 1.____________ (fail), I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years 2.____________ a debater. In general, preparing for new debate topics usually 3.____________(include) brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution (解決), and doing debate practice. So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after school, or even all day at weekends, discussing arguments and researching evidence. You might also notice us arguing 4.____________ (fierce) anywhere we can. Not only are they supportive, but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine. As we discuss debate topics, my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything, from 5.____________ best way of rehabilitating (改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies. However, our discussions are more than just a way 6.____________ (practice) our debating skills. In my mind, they help us to bee calm and consider 7.____________ (win)and solving real problems as well. To me, the debating munity is a great place 8.____________people help each other not only because theyre interested in a higher cause, but because they care about how people from different 9.____________(background)can lead better lives. Im grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together. Indeed, my high school life would be inplete without them. So even though I 10.____________ (defeat) in my last debate, Im still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。作者雖然在一次辯論賽中失敗了，但停下來反思過去幾年作為一名辯手的經(jīng)歷，作者依然覺得受益匪淺。 1．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的形容詞性物主代詞my可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞，故填fail的名詞形式failure。 答案：failure　 2．解析：考查介詞。但“我”并沒有把注意力集中到自己的失敗上，而是停下來反思過去幾年自己作為一名辯手的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意可知此處用介詞as，表示“作為”。 答案：as　 3．解析：考查主謂一致。本句中主語為preparing for new debate topics，是動名詞短語，故謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 答案：includes　 4．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。你也有可能注意到在任何我們能辯論的地方我們都在激烈地論證?？仗幮揎梐rguing，應(yīng)用副詞。 答案：fiercely　 5．解析：考查冠詞。形容詞的最高級前要用定冠詞the，故此處應(yīng)填the。 答案：the　 6．解析：考查非謂語動詞。然而，我們的討論不僅僅是練習(xí)我們辯論技巧的一種方法。此處to do形式作定語。 答案：to practice　 7．解析：考查非謂語動詞。在“我”看來，它們有助于我們變得鎮(zhèn)靜，也幫助我們考慮贏得辯論比賽和解決真正的問題。動詞consider“考慮”后跟動詞ing形式作賓語。 答案：winning　 8．解析：考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作狀語，先行詞為place，故用where。 答案：where　 9．解析：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。而且因?yàn)樗麄冴P(guān)心的是來自不同背景的人如何能過上更好的生活。background作“出身，個(gè)人背景”講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，空前有different修飾，故此處應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 答案：backgrounds　 10．解析：考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。因此，盡管在上次的辯論中“我”被擊敗了，但“我”仍然感謝自己是非常棒的辯論家族的一員。根據(jù)句意可知此處用被動語態(tài)，且此處描述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 答案：was defeated　 Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) In my spare time，I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. I ever read Chinas Four Great Classical novel such as Journey to the West. Beside，I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing from I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of being writer. They laughed out happy when they read the short story I write about robots. They think that my story is well worth read and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve their dream. 答案： In my spare time，I often read some books written by famous writers in abroad. I ever read Chinas Four Great Classical such as Journey to the West. ，I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing I was nine years old. I remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of being writer. They laughed out when they read the short story I about robots. They think that my story is well worth and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve dream.