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必修1　Unit 2 English around the world 一、閱讀理解 A The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs acpanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice. Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering (爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been pletely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. “In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to (屈從于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher. “As people gain more ine and it bees easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang. “I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Years Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei. 【文章大意】　本文主要介紹了中國春節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)習俗在逐漸消失的現(xiàn)象以及人們的不同觀點。 【難句分析】However, the activity has been pletely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.(第二段第三句) 分析：本句是一個復合句。as引導狀語從句。 譯文：然而，由于政府考慮到安全、噪音和污染因素，放鞭炮這一活動在大城市被完全或部分禁止了很多年。 1. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage? A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years. B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival. C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits. D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldnt be seen almost anywhere. 答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，過去放鞭炮是過春節(jié)最典型的傳統(tǒng)習俗，應(yīng)該到處可見，故選D。 2．What Li Shunzhi said implies ________. A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day 答案與解析：A　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，哈爾濱的一位居民所說的這段話是在感慨今昔過年的差異，故選A。 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival. B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family. C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival. D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area. 答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段的“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”以及本段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，張惠習慣和家人一起過春節(jié)，故選B。A項錯在張惠經(jīng)常花兩個星期為春節(jié)做準備，這與最后一段的“My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings”不符；C項錯在張惠總是在春節(jié)后參加一系列的活動，這與最后一段的“On New Years Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held.”不符；D項錯在張惠住在城市，文章中并沒有提到這一點。 4．What does the whole passage show? A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before. B．The Spring Festival is outdated now. C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities. D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West. 答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs acpanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要講述了中國春節(jié)逐漸失去年味這一現(xiàn)象，故選C。 B Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos. Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”. Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a mercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion. 1.What is the purpose of persuasion? A. To advise somebody to support you. B. To help someone have special skill C. To convince somebody to realize his aim. D. To talk someone into being honest. 2.What is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience to trust him? A. Pathos. B. Ethos. C. Logos. D. Education. 3.What do a politician and an animal charity have in mon? A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt. B. Both save people from terrible wars. C. Both make the audience support them. D. Both persuade people to donate money. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Convince the Audience B. Three Basic Tools of Persuasion C. Believe Me D. Strength of Persuasion 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了源自于古希臘且一直沿用至今的說服他人的藝術(shù)，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三種方式以及用這三種方式說服他人在各個領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的可能性。 1.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish.”可知，說服是為了建議人們支持你。故選A。 3.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.”和最后一句“Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.”可知，政治家可能會說他會獨自一人從可拍的戰(zhàn)爭中挽救一個國家為了說服觀眾為他投票，動物慈善機構(gòu)向觀眾展示受傷的貓或者狗的圖片是為了讓觀眾感到可憐，更可能捐款。因此可知，政治家和慈善機構(gòu)的共同之處是他們都想讓聽眾支持他們。故選C。 4.B 【解析】標題判斷題。縱觀全文可知，文章主要介紹了說服人的藝術(shù)，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及這三種方式在各個領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的可能性。因此推斷B項“說服的三種基本方式”為最佳標題，概況了文章中心主旨。故選B。 二、七選五 (2018福建泉州質(zhì)量檢測) Reasons to Take Part in Student Clubs and Organizations Many college students dont know what theyre missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience. __1__ Check them out and see whats available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations. 1. Meet new people. It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year. __2__ However, in a club, youll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest. 2. Help your major. There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments. __3__ 3. Learn important leadership skills. Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications. __4__ These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position. 4. __5__ Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college! A．Have fun. B．Never waste energy. C．Class sizes can be big. D．Take advantage of your major. E．So dont just walk past those tables during clubs week. F．In a club, you will be able to gain other important skills. G．And you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice. 【文章大意】　文章主要介紹了大學生在大學期間參加俱樂部和組織的益處。 1．答案與解析：E　根據(jù)空后的“Check them out and see whats available.”(去看一看有沒有合適的)，再結(jié)合下文提供的要參加學生俱樂部的理由可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是表述不要錯過俱樂部納新的機會。故選E項。 2．答案與解析：C　根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“... youll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest.”可知，俱樂部圈子小，而且大家志趣相投，因此設(shè)空處很可能說的是大學的班級一般人員很多。故選C項。 3．答案與解析：G　根據(jù)設(shè)空前的“By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments.”可知，加入俱樂部有助于學術(shù)成長。故選G項，該項中的academic與上文的academic club相照應(yīng)。 4．答案與解析：F　根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“These skills could be event planning, finance management”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指除學會領(lǐng)導技能以外的其他技能，關(guān)鍵詞skills與F項中的skills相呼應(yīng)。故選F項。 5．答案與解析：A　根據(jù)下文“...simply be a lot of fun.”可知，本段的主題是：加入俱樂部或組織給大學生帶來很多樂趣。故選A項。 三、短文改錯 It is easy to overlook 1. role that your body plays in 2.(influence) your mood.When you are ill,you may find 3. blaming work pressures or an unknown future.However,it could just be that you have been sitting behind your desk too long. One way 4.(improve) your mood is exercise.Psychologically,it provides you 5. a break from the stresses in your life.Also,in the process,you may aim for clear goals,like a new 6.(person) running record or a better body shape.The achievement of a particular goal 7.(make) you feel good and contributes to your 8.(confident).That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect. You do not have to train yourself hard to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.What 9.(real) matters is frequency,not intensity of your exercise.You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or 10.(simple) gardening on weekends. 答案 1.the　2.influencing　3.yourself　4.to improve　5.with　 6.personal　7.makes　8.confidence　9.really　10.simply 四、語法填空 (2018河北衡水中學模擬) Zoos are some of the most __1__ (delight) places children, and even adults __2__ all ages love to visit. Zoos are more than just a place of entertainment and education for people, but also a place __3__ animals are kept in safe enclosures. Zoos allow us to enjoy __4__ (view) animals __5__ we would have to make a trip to Africa to view them. My first trip to the zoo __6__ (be) years ago during an elementary school trip. That was the first time I had found myself close to wild animals like tigers, lions, giraffes and zebras. The last time I visited the zoo was about a year back when I took my kids there. Children especially are __7__ (interest) in such animals on display and in terms of __8__ (education) value. I would say that the trip was worth every minute __9__ (spend). However, there are some of us who feel that animals shouldnt be kept in enclosures, but should rather be let out in the wild. Some feel that keeping animals in enclosures is a form of cruelty. But looking at it from another perspective, the same animals may not survive this far had they been left on their own in the wilderness because of the __10__ (present) of their enemies. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要介紹了在運物園里看動物的意義并討論了動物是否應(yīng)該被關(guān)在動物園。 【長難句分析】But looking at it from another perspective, the same animals may not survive this far had they been left on their own in the wilderness because of the presence of their enemies.(第二段最后一句) 分析：這是一個復合句。looking at it...為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語；had they been left on their own in the wilderness是省略了if的虛擬條件句，從句補充完整是：if they had been left on their own in the wilderness; because of...作原因狀語。 譯文：但是從另一個角度來看，如果這些動物被獨自留在野外它們也許不會活這么長，因為有它們的敵人存在。 1．答案與解析：delightful　考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格前面的“the most”和空格后的名詞“places”可知，此處應(yīng)用delight的形容詞形式，意為“令人愉快的”。故用delightful。 2．答案與解析：of　考查介詞。of all ages意為“各個年齡段的”，符合語境。故用of。 3．答案與解析：where　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導定語從句，先行詞為“place”，在從句中作地點狀語，所以用where引導該從句。故用where。 4．答案與解析：viewing考查非謂語動詞。enjoy doing sth.為固定用法，意為“喜歡做某事”。故用viewing。 5．答案與解析：otherwise/or 考查副詞/連詞。句意為：動物園可以讓我們盡情地觀賞動物，不然我們就得去非洲觀看它們了。此處意為“否則，要不然”。故用otherwise/or。 6．答案與解析：was考查主謂一致和動詞的時態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的主語是“trip”，為單數(shù)概念；根據(jù)本句中的時間狀語“during an elementary school trip”可知，此處敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故用was。 7．答案與解析：interested考查形容詞。根據(jù)本句的主語“Children”可知，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞形式的形容詞。sb. be interested in sth.為固定用法，意為“某人對某物感興趣”。故用interested。 8．答案與解析：educational考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞“value”，表示“有教育意義的價值”。故用educational。 9．答案與解析：spent考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動詞spend與被修飾詞“every minute”之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動與完成。故用spent。 10．答案與解析：presence考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前的定冠詞“the”和后面的“of”可知，此處應(yīng)用present的名詞形式，意為“存在”。故用presence。