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摘  要

本論文分析了摩擦試驗機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展方向，詳細(xì)介紹了摩擦實驗機(jī)的工作原理以及在我國材料工程發(fā)展中的重要意義。

本次設(shè)計的摩擦試驗機(jī)是模擬高速鐵路運(yùn)行時輪軌摩擦磨損的試驗機(jī)。它是對環(huán)塊式摩擦試驗機(jī)的改進(jìn)，主要有正壓力加載系統(tǒng)、傳動系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)三部分組成。本文將著重介紹其中的傳動系統(tǒng)和壓力加載系統(tǒng)。主機(jī)除了保留環(huán)塊摩擦試驗機(jī)的優(yōu)點外，采用了更為穩(wěn)定可靠的液壓系統(tǒng)來進(jìn)行正壓力的加載，通過電動機(jī)帶動主軸上的車輪旋轉(zhuǎn)。壓力是由液壓系統(tǒng)通過液體工作介質(zhì)驅(qū)動液壓缸對試樣加載壓力。

該試驗機(jī)能夠在不同壓力，不同速度情況下對摩擦材料的摩擦磨損性能進(jìn)行試驗。因此它將會是一些企業(yè)和科研機(jī)構(gòu)對材料性能進(jìn)行測試、產(chǎn)品性能檢驗的重要實驗工具。

關(guān)鍵詞：摩擦試驗機(jī)；液壓加載；加載系統(tǒng)；傳動系統(tǒng)

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the present situation and the developing direction of friction testing machine, friction testing machine was introduced in detail the working principle and important significance in the development of materials engineering in our country.

 The friction tester of this design is a test machine that simulates the friction wear of high-speed railway. It is an improvement of the ring friction test machine, which mainly consists of three parts of the positive pressure loading system, transmission system and control system. This article focuses on the transmission system and the pressure loading system. Host in addition to the advantages of retaining ring piece of friction testing machine, have adopted a more stable and reliable hydraulic system for positive pressure load, through the motor drives the wheels on the spindle rotation. The pressure is driven by the hydraulic system through the liquid working medium and the hydraulic cylinder is applied to the sample loading pressure.

The test machine can test the friction wear properties of the friction material under different pressure and speed. Therefore, it will be an important laboratory tool for the testing and testing of material performance by some enterprises and scientific institutions. 

keywords：Friction tester; Hydraulic loading; loading system; transmission system

目  錄

1 緒論 1

1.1 選題背景及意義 1

1.2 摩擦試驗機(jī)及其分類 1

1.3 摩擦試驗機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2

1.4 本論文主要研究內(nèi)容 3

2 總體方案的設(shè)計 4

2.1 設(shè)計要求 4

2.2 主要設(shè)計參數(shù) 4

2.3 摩擦試驗機(jī)的總體方案的設(shè)計 5

3 試驗機(jī)主要系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 5

3.1 傳動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 5

3.2 傳動系統(tǒng)的確定 6

3.3 加載系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 6

3.4 加載系統(tǒng)的確定 7

4 摩擦試驗機(jī)的設(shè)計計算 7

4.1 傳動系統(tǒng) 7

4.1.1 工作壓力的計算 7

4.1.2 試驗機(jī)電機(jī)選擇 9

4.1.3 主軸設(shè)計，校核以及聯(lián)軸器選擇 11

4.2 液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 15

4.2.1 液壓缸的設(shè)計 15

4.2.2 液壓泵 19

4.2.3 液壓控制元件 20

4.2.4 液壓輔助元件 20

4.2.5 液壓工作介質(zhì)的選擇 21

4.2.6 夾具 22

總結(jié) 23

致謝 24

參考文獻(xiàn) 25