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初三英語教案 Unit6教案 Unit 6 Detective stories 【學習目標】 一、語音 1.單詞重讀 `murderer `suspect `clinic `shopkeeper `salesman `medium `wanted `body `doorway `victim `somewhere `evidence `struggle `obviously `fingerprint `enemy `guilty `several `system `witness `kidnapping `heavily `shoplifting `kidnapper `shoplifter `whether `criminal `record `hairdresser `kidnap `wedding `highly `object `increase `export `import `necklace `diamond `robbery `wonder `jewellery de`tective un`tidy un`helpful re`ward at`tack con`firm par`ticularly at`tacker com`plain ar`rest oc`cur pro`ject ex`cept in`volved ob`ject in`crease ex`port 2.不完全爆破 dete(c)tive suspe(c)t sho(p)keeper unhel(p)ful vi(c)tim wi(t)ness ki(d)napping sho(p)lifting ki(d)napper sho(p)lifter ki(d)nap obje(c)t proje(c)t ne(ck)lace exce(p)t sho(ck)ed 3.句子重音和語調(diào) Can you `hear↗me? `Why are you `dressed like↘that? Did you `see a `man `running `down `Upper↗Street? `Who are you `looking↘for? Have you `solved the `Valley `Town↗murder? 二、詞匯 1.單詞 detective, murderer, suspect, neat, shopkeeper, salesman, body, victim, somewhere, gun, if, attack, bleed, death, struggle, attacker, bright, add, enemy, crime, charge, several, rob, heavily, theft, thief, whether, shorts, record, wedding, highly, project, except, wonder, boss. 2.詞組 break into 闖入 be involved in 被卷入 find out 查明;找出 take place 發(fā)生 in the past 在過去 be charged with 承擔……，被指控…… so far 迄今為止 as a result 結(jié)果 put up 進行，做;舉起;張貼 work hard 努力工作 because of 因為;由于 by the way 順便說一下 stressed out 緊張的，有壓力的 think of 認為;想起 permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事 make progress in 在……取得進步 had better(not)do sth. 最好(不)做某事 take a break 休息 the answer to… ……的答案 be dressed 穿著 more than 多于;大于;超過 be aware of 知道;意識到;覺察到 criminal record 犯罪記錄 三、日常用語 We’d better call the police. I don’t know. I’ve never seen him before. Why did he do it? I saw what happened. Who are you looking for? Why are you dressed like that? 四、語法 直接引語與間接引語 我們在引用或轉(zhuǎn)述別人所說的話時，可以一字不改地引用別人的話。這種方法稱為直接引語。例如： The teacher said,“Dont speak in class.” 老師說：“課堂上不要講話?！? John said,“I am going to London with my father.” 約翰說：“我要和父親到倫敦去?！? She said,“We have plenty of time to do the work” 她說：“我們有足夠的時間做這項工作?！? 當我們用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話時，可以對原來所說的話作一些修改。這種方法稱為間接引語。例如： The teacher told us not to speak in class. 老師跟我們講課堂上不要講話。 John said that he was going to London with his father. 約翰說他要和他父親去倫敦。 She said that they had plenty of time to do the work. 她說他們有足夠的時間做這項工作。 直接引語如果是一般疑問句，要在間接引語前加上連詞if或whether，其它時態(tài)要變?yōu)橄鄳倪^去時態(tài)。例如： He asked me,“Do you speak English?”他問我，“你說英語嗎?” He asked me whether/if I spoke English.他問我是否說英語。 轉(zhuǎn)述特殊疑問句時，間接引語的語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，用疑問詞開頭。例如： “What’s your major?” she asked me.她問我，“你的主課(專業(yè))是什么?” She asked me what my major was.她問我我的主課(專業(yè))是什么。 當直接引語是一個祈使句時，通常變?yōu)橐粋€含有復合賓語的簡單句。例如： He said, “Please come here earlier.” →He asked me to go there earlier.他叫我早一點去那兒。 當直接引語變間接引語時，要注意以下幾點： ⑴變間接引語時根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。例如： He said, “I don’t like junk food.”→He said he didn’t like junk food.他說他不喜歡垃圾食品。 Tom said, “I will finish the work.” →Tom said that he would finish the work. 湯姆說他將完成這項工作。 ⑵間接引語中從句的謂語要與主句的謂語時態(tài)一致。 當主句是過去時的時候，直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態(tài)的變化規(guī)律。例如： 直接引語 間接引語 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 一般將來時 過去將來時 現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 一般過去時 過去完成時 直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞匯時態(tài)變化的規(guī)律。例如： 直接引語 間接引語 1.am/is 1.was 2.are 2.were 3.have/has 3.had 4.will 4.would 5.can 5.could 6.may 6.might ⑶直接引語變間接引語時，下列時間狀語及其它詞語也要進行一定的變化。例如： 直接引語 間接引語 時 間 狀 語 today that day tonight that night this morning/week that morning/week tomorrow the following day/the next day yesterday the day before now then last week/year the week/year before next week/year the next week/year two days/a month two days/a month before 指示代詞 this that these those 地點狀語 here there 動詞 come go 【知識講解】 1.Why are you dressed like that, Eddie?埃迪，為什么你穿成那樣? be dressed“穿著”，表示一種狀態(tài)，后面跟介詞in可以接表示顏色的詞。例如： She was dressed in white.她穿著白色衣服。 The lady was dressed in black at the party.那女士在晚會上穿著黑色衣服。 2.My food has gone missing.我的食物不見了。 ①go系動詞，“變成;處于……狀態(tài)”，后面接形容詞作表語，通常指不好的變化。例如： The food has gone bad.食物變質(zhì)了。 His face went red with anger.他氣得滿臉通紅。 ②missing形容詞，“丟失的”，同義詞為lost。例如： They are looking for the missing(lost)child. 他們正在尋找失蹤的孩子。 My watch is missing(lost).我的手表丟了。 3.Police have confirmed that the victim was a computer programmer. 經(jīng)警察確認受害者是一位計算機程序員。 confirm動詞，“確定;證實;證明(報告、意見等)的正確性”，作謂語。例如： The old man confirmed that the tree is more than one hundred years old. 那位老人證實這棵樹有100多年了。 Please send an E-mail to confirm your arrival date. 請發(fā)一封電子郵件確認一下你的抵達日期。 When asked, she confirmed that she was going to retire. 有人問她時，她肯定了她將要退休。 4.He was last seen leaving his office in New Town at about 7 a.m. 人們最后一次看見他大概是在下午七點他離開新鎮(zhèn)辦公室的時候。 last副詞，“上一次，最后一次;最后”，在句中作狀語。例如： When did you last see him?你最后一次見到他是什么時候? The horse came last in the race.這匹馬在比賽中跑在最后。 形容詞，“最后的;(表示時間)上一個，剛過去的;最不可能的”，在句中通常作定語，修飾名詞，放在名詞 之前。例如： He was the last person to arrive.他是最后一個到的。 last week上周 last night昨晚 He is the last man to tell a lie.他是最不可能說謊的人。 5.Police believe that the murder took place between 9 p.m. yesterday evening and 1 a.m. this morning.警察確信這起兇殺案發(fā)生于昨晚九點到凌晨一點之間。 ①take place“發(fā)生”，指預先計劃好的事情，不帶有偶然性。happen指具體事件的發(fā)生，強調(diào)帶有偶然性和不可預料性。例如： Great changes have taken place in our country since 1949. 一九四九年以來，我國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。 What happened next?后來發(fā)生了什么事? I happened to be out when you called.你打電話來的時候，我恰巧出去了。 ②between表示“兩者之間”，among表示“三者或三者以上的人或物之間(或者說是一個物體位于一組彼此不可分離的物體之間)”。例如： The train runs between Beijing and Shanghai.這輛火車運行于北京和上海之間。 This village lies among the mountains.這個村莊位于群山之間。 6.They are not sure whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then dumped in Valley Town, or killed at the place where he was found. 他們懷疑被害人是否被害于別的什么地方，后遺尸到峽谷鎮(zhèn)還是被害于現(xiàn)場。 ①whether連詞，“是否”，有疑問的含義。一般情況下whether和if可以互換，都可以放在ask, know, see, learn, understand, wonder等動詞后面引導賓語從句。 但在以下幾種情況下通常只能用whether。 A.whether用在介詞后的賓語從句中。如： It depends on whether he’s ready.這取決于他是否準備好了。 B.whether從句在句首時。如： Whether you see her or not, phone me later.無論你是否看見她，過后打電話給我。 C.whether引導主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句時。如： Whether he’ll come is very important.他是否會來非常重要。 The question is whether they will arrive on time.問題是他們會不會準時到來。 The question whether we should go there must be decided then. 我們是否應該去那兒這個問題必須迅速作出決定。 D.whether與動詞不定式連用時。如： He doesn’t know whether to stay at his uncle’s.他不知道是否該留在叔叔家。 ②else形容詞，“別的;其他的”，常接在疑問代詞、不定代詞之后。例如： What else did he say?他還說了些什么? Anything else I can do for you?我還能為你做些別的事嗎? 副詞，“另外，其他”，常用在疑問副詞之后。例如： Where else did you go?你還去過別的什么地方? ③dump動詞，“堆放;丟棄”，尤指隨便地，不負責任的堆放或傾倒。例如： Don’t dump that sand in the middle of the road.不要把沙子倒在路中間。 We must stop them from dumping waste in the river.我們必須阻止他們向河里傾倒廢物。 7.We are asking anyone who saw anything suspicious last night to contact us. 我們迫切希望昨晚看到任何可疑現(xiàn)象的人與我們聯(lián)系。 ①suspicious形容詞，“有疑心的;表示懷疑的;可疑的”，與of或about連用。例如： I was very suspicious about his words.我對他所說的話有懷疑。 What he said made the police suspicious.他說的話引起了警察的懷疑。 ②contact動詞，“聯(lián)系;聯(lián)絡;接觸”，在句中作謂語。例如： Please tell me how I can contact you.請告訴我怎樣與你聯(lián)系。 8.Valley Town’s top detective.峽谷鎮(zhèn)最好的偵探。 top形容詞，“最高的;杰出的;第一位的;最好的”，在句中作定語，修飾名詞。例如： He is a top student in our class.他是我們班上尖子學生。 He won the prize as a top director.他獲得了最佳導演獎。 Don’t drive at top speed.不要以最高時速開車。 9.Detective Jones said that the victim was attacked with a knife and bled to death as a result. 約翰偵探說受害者是遭到了刀的襲擊，因而流血致死。 ①attack及物動詞，“攻擊;(疾病等)侵襲”。例如： I was suddenly attacked from the behind.我突然被人從后面襲擊。 This disease attacks most crops.這種病害侵襲了大部分莊稼。 ②bleed動詞，“出血，流血”。例如： You are bleeding at the nose.你流鼻血了。 ③as a result習慣短語，“因此;結(jié)果”，在句中作狀語。例如： He didn’t practise, and as a result he lost.他沒有練習，所以輸了。 The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time. 交通十分擁擠，因此我們沒有能準時到達。 10.He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year. 去年他被指控非法闖入幾家電腦系統(tǒng)。 ①be charged with“承擔……，被指控……，(因某事)譴責(人)”。例如： Jack is charged with looking after his brother.杰克負責照看他的弟弟。 The man is charged with murder.那人被指控殺人。 ②several形容詞，“若干，幾個”，后面跟可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。例如： My cousin speaks several languages.我堂兄會說若干種語言。 There are several kinds of animals in the zoo.在動物園里有好幾種動物。 11.So far, the only suspect is a short, thin man who was seen running down Upper Street at 10 last night.到目前為止，唯一的嫌疑人是一個矮的、瘦小的人，有人看見他昨晚10點的時候沿著阿佩爾街跑。 So far“迄今為止;到目前為止”，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時。例如： He has written three books so far.到目前為止他已經(jīng)寫了三本書。 So far, I have collected many kinds of stamps.迄今為止，我收集了許多種郵票了。 12.The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.受害者的父母拿出五萬元作為獎勵，收信拘捕兇手的信息。 ①offer動詞，“(主動)給予，提供;奉獻，貢獻”，在句中作謂語。例如： He offered a lot of money to help the poor children.他拿出大量的錢來幫助那些窮孩子。 She offered her life to the country.她把生命獻給了祖國。 ②lead to“引起，導致;通向”。例如： Smoking cigarettes leads to lung disease.吸煙導致肺病。 All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。 13.The man never spoke to anyone and no one knew what he did for a living. 這個人從來不和別人講話，沒有人知道他以何謀生。 no one“沒有人”=nobody，一般不接of短語，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，none既可指人，也可指物，往往用作固定范圍內(nèi)的“任何一個也沒有;一點也不”，常接of短語，作主語時，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)，也可用復數(shù)。例如： No one knows about it.沒有人知道這件事。 None of us have(has)been to Japan.我們中沒有一個人去過日本。 【練習檢測】 一.單詞辯音(找出每組劃線部分讀音與其它三個不同的單詞) ( )1.A. bright B. fingerprint C. witness D. import ( )2. A. hairdresser B. necklace C. detective D. reward ( )3. A. neat B. breathe C. heavily D. increase ( )4. A. kidnap B. occupation C. attacker D. add ( )5. A. record B. shorts C. export D. major 二.根據(jù)句意和首字母填空 1. We are very thirsty. Could you o_________ us some water to drink? 2.“Watch” m__________ to look at something closely for a time to see what happens. 3. I have been to Japan. I want to go somewhere e__________ this afternoon. 4. The victim was a__________ with knife and bled to death as a result. 5. Jack’s father often does with some crimes. He is a d__________ . 三.根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空 1. How about_________ (report)him to the police? 2. I think it’s___________ (high)possible that John is not guilty. 3. Does he have a___________ (crime)record? 4. He thought the police would be able to find the ___________ (own). 5. The book is very interesting. I think it is worth_______ (read). 四. 根據(jù)漢語提示填空 1. A _____________(搶劫)happened in Sunny Street last night. 2. The victim had a lot of ________(敵人)before, so it’s difficult to know who the murderer was. 3. The thief was so cunning that he didn’t leave any ___________ (指紋). 4. If you want to be a ____________ (偵探), you must receive a special training. 5. The man in black is a____________(兇手)of this case. 五.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.“I saw the man yesterday.”she said.(改為間接引語) 2.“Does he know the victim?” I asked. (改為間接引語) 3.“Who is the murderer?”she asked.( 改為間接引語) 4. You’d better go to the office now.(改成否定句) 5. A young man was murdered by Mr. Brown last night. (對劃線部分提問) 【參考答案】 一.單詞辯音(找出每組劃線部分讀音與其它三個不同的單詞) 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.D 二.根據(jù)首字母和首字母填空 1.offer供給 2.means意思是 3.else另外，其他 4.attacked攻擊 5.detective偵探 三.用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空 1.reporting在介詞about后面應該跟動名詞。 2.highly副詞作狀語，修飾形容詞possible。 3.criminal應該用形容詞，作定語，修飾名詞record。 4.owner失主。 5.reading句型be worth后面跟動名詞。 四. 根據(jù)漢語提示填空 1.robbery搶劫者。 2.enemies敵人(可數(shù)名詞，要用復數(shù))。 3.fingerprints指紋(可數(shù)名詞，要用復數(shù))。 4.detective偵探 5.murderer兇手 五.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. She said that she had seen the man the day before. 人稱I→she，時態(tài)saw→had seen，時間狀語yesterday→the day before。 2. I asked if he knew the victim. 一般疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要加上if;時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時。 3. She asked who the murderer was. 特殊疑問句疑問代詞不變，時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時。 4. You’d better not go to the office now. 變?yōu)榉穸ň湓凇痙 better后加上not。 5.Who was a young man murdered by last night? 劃線部分是人，所以用疑問代詞who提問。